肺癌末期疼痛病患之護理過程－－Roy適應理論之應用

Application of Roy's Adaptation Theory to the Nursing Care for a Terminal Lung Cancer Patient with Pain

在Roy理論中認為人是生理、心理、社會的生物體，與變動的環境不斷產生互動，護理的目標便是幫助人在健康與疾病中適應其生理、自我概念、角色功能、相互依賴模式中的變化，以增進人的健康生活品質與尊嚴死亡。本報告應用Roy適應理論護理一位肺癌末期個案，因為有癌細胞轉移出現嚴重疼痛問題，以及因疼痛所引發之相關問題，如高危險性皮膚破損及營養狀況改變，此外個案在面對疾病不見起色情況下產生心靈困擾的問題，筆者藉由直接照護幫助個案及其家屬適應各種刺激，使其在癌症末期的日子中有最佳的適應情形。

According to Roy's theory, a person is a physically, psychologically, and socially well being who interacts with a constantly changing environment. The goals of nursing care are to help patients to 1) adapt to changes during health or illness, 2) develop their self-concepts and roles, 3) improve their quality of health life, and 4) be respected until death. This case report applies Roy's adaptation theory to the care of a terminally ill patient with metastatic lung cancer who suffered from severe pain. In addition, severe skin impairment, altered nutritional status, and psychological distress occurred as the cancer progressed. Nursing care focused on helping the patient and his family cope with the many stimuli associated with direct care interventions. Such a focus aims to help terminally ill patients and their families better adapt to end-of-life situations and events.