越戰的再檢視－－原因、戰略及思考

Re-examining the Vietnam War: Causes, Strategies and Some Thoughts

冷戰時期的越戰無疑是影響現今亞太戰略格局的重要因素之一。美國撤出越南後，北越統一越南全境，成為中南半島的主要大國。在往後四十年，越南經歷不同的政治與外交政策，在二十一世紀之後，越南不僅在外交上獨立自主，因為其地緣戰略價值，成為美俄中等國拉攏的對象。另外，在軍事上，越南堪稱是亞洲唯一曾經擊敗美國的國家，也促成美國的軍事改革，針對越戰時美軍的缺點，勵精圖治，讓美軍銳意改革，在第一次波灣戰爭中有震驚世界軍事發展的表現。本文企圖重新檢視越戰的原因及戰略，並思考足供台灣記取的教訓。

After the U.S. troops withdrew from Vietnam, North Vietnam unified the country and became a major power in Indochina. Until now, the Vietnam War is still the most important factor contributing to the current configuration of the Asia-Pacific regional security. In the past forty years, Vietnam's political and foreign policy had changed. Vietnam is roping in each side by the U.S. and Russia for Vietnam independent foreign policy and geo-strategy in the 21st century. Vietnam is the only country that had defeated U.S. Army and pushed U.S. revolution in the military affairs to change the weakness of armed forces and reform the military system. This change and reform let U.S. Army show a best performance during the Gulf War in 1991. This article tries to revisit the cause and both side strategy during the Vietnam War, and tried to get some lesson learned for Taiwan.