印度的中國政策－－影響因素與形成過程之分析

Indian China Policy: An Analysis of Its Factors and Decision-making Process

印度與中國之間至今仍存在著數個難以化解的難題，使得雙方關 係難以開展。其中領土爭議仍然是最核心的議題，不過兩國政府也在 西藏問題、中國援助巴基斯坦、印度洋上的戰略競爭與雙邊貿易等議 題上存在歧見。本文的目的是介紹並分析印度對中國的政策，並集中 在外交決策機構與決策者、中國政策的形成，以及影響中國政策的因 素等。內容將分為以下幾部分：關於外交政策的決策圈，將分為兩方面討論，狹義的外交決策圈 包括內閣、外交部、國會及軍方，內容包括主要決策者與決策過程，以及不同黨派對中國政策的差異；廣義的決策圈為在社會上可能對中 國政策產生影響的部門，包括智庫、學術界、媒體等等；論文的第二 部分進一步介紹影響印度目前對中政策的各種因素、以及印度國內對於如何看待中國的相關辯論。

Certain unsolved problems between India and China make it difficult for both countries to achieve a truly reconciliation. Among them, territorial dispute remains on the top of agenda, but both governments also disagree on other issues such as Tibet, China's assistance to Pakistan, strategic competition in the Indian Ocean, and trade imbalance. This paper attempts to uncover India-China relations by looking at how China policy is made in India today. Discussions concentrate on following issues: policymaking apparatus and policy makers, formulation of China policy, and driving factors. Decision-making circle, in a narrow sense, include the Cabinet, Ministry of External Affairs, the Parliament, and military, while a broader decision-making circle include think tanks, academic communities, and media. The second part of the paper further discusses the factors driving India's China policy and the debate about China rising in the Indian society.