華語學習者電腦寫作考試語料庫中「把」字後賓語間接回指的情形

The Use of BA-NP as an Indirect Anaphor in TOCFL Written Tests

「把」字句用來表徵有界事件中某物如何受到影響，以致發生變化後進入另一種狀態。變化發生前「把」所標記的物體已經存在，「把」字後賓語通常為定指，為已知訊息。在華語學習者電腦寫作考試語料庫中發現不少華語學習者在寫作測驗中將首次出現的事物視為已知訊息，用「把」字標記。本文發現這些「把」字後賓語指涉的對象需要透過前文某個指涉對象來解讀，這種現象稱為間接回指。本文將藉認知參照點原則與認知轉喻闡釋學習者使用「把」字句間接回指，銜接上下文時的心智過程。

Ba-construction is used to express how an object in a bounded event is affected, then undergoing a change of state. Before the change of state, the NP marked by ba has already existed in the discourse and its reference is usually definite, known as presupposed information. In TOCFL learner corpus, there are many CSL learners who mark a newly-introduced referent as old information with ba in their writing test. We found that the reference of the ba-NP could be interpreted through a certain referent which appears in the preceding discourse. The coherence in their writing is achieved by the indirect anaphora. This paper is expected to find out how the ba-NP is used as an indirect anaphor in terms of cognitive reference point (Langacker 1993, 2000, 2008) and cognitive metonymy (Lakoff and Johnson 1980).