分階多語成語典故知識庫教學設計

A Phase-based Design of Multilingual Idiom-allusion Knowledge Base for Teaching

成語與典故是非常特殊的漢語語言形式，具有生動簡潔、形象鮮明、寓意深刻的特點。成語與典故的語義豐富，典雅蘊藉，蘊藏著中國幾千年的歷史文化與人文發展脈絡，影響及於鄰國，是亞洲漢字文化圈珍貴的文化遺產。本文旨在探討如何建構一個內容完整豐富的成語典故知識庫，再以分階多語的方式，期以達到：一、透過所建置的成語知識內容，理解成語的含義與用法；二、透過成語與典故對應的機制，以成語學習為立基點，兼及學會與該成語相關的典故；三、透過英、日、韓語的成語翻譯，降低母語非漢語的學習者學習的門檻；四、從成語典故之出處內容，將學習深入到中國歷史文化的深層脈絡；五、從例句學習成語與典故之使用方法，並擴充到文學典籍閱讀及歷史文化探索等教學策略。

Idioms and allusions are unique in Chinese language for their vividness, conciseness and enlightening morals. Profound in meaning, elegant, and they thread through Chinese history, culture and humanity development for thousands of years, which has exerted an influence throughout neighboring countries and serves as a precious legacy around the Asian character-based cultural circle. This paper aims to explore the methods of constructing a complete knowledge base for Chinese idioms and allusions on a phase and multilingual basis. Our goal is: 1. to understand the meaning and usage of the idiom with a full knowledge of the idiom obtained from the base; 2. to learn allusions related to a certain idiom on the basis of mapping the idiom and the allusions; 3. to help non-native Chinese learners with English, Korean and Japanese translations; 4. to further study Chinese history and culture with the source information of idioms and allusions; 5. to expand the scope to pedagogic methodology for literary classics reading and the study of history and culture by usage examples of idioms and allusions.