宗教圖像爭議與路德教派文化政策――以紐倫堡接受宗教改革過程為中心的考察

The Making of Lutheran Cultural Politics in Light of the Controversy over Religious Imagery: A Case Study of the Reception of the Protestant Reformation in Nürnberg

紐倫堡在準備成為第一個接受新教改革的帝國直轄市過程中，與路德陣營擁有相當良好的互動與互信。本文透過剖析他們雙方如何面對當時宗教圖像的爭議，來檢視這個互信的內涵及其形成之過程，並藉此瞭解德意志宗教改革時代的文化如何面對新舊交替的問題。在檢視的過程中，我們看到，有一群紐倫堡意見領袖對新的改革思想充滿興趣，但也沒有放棄與舊的宗教傳統之間的關連。他們對改革充滿期待，但又深知傳統宗教文化有其不可取代性。研究這些意見領袖在宗教改革史上所扮演的角色，可以讓我們拋開過去只是看到贊成或反對宗教改革∕贊成或反對路德教義那種黑白對立的歷史圖像；而能比較深層而多元地去瞭解，在當時改革的洪流中，世俗意見領袖在文化關懷上如何形成足夠的影響力，讓宗教改革者在教義的探討以及教派發展政策的制訂上，兼顧到他們信仰的需求以及對宗教改革的期待。

This paper aims to investigate how Martin Luther and the Nürnberg city government managed to deal with the controversy over religious imagery in the heyday of iconoclasm during the 1520s. With reflections on Luther's assertion in the Invokavitpredigten of 1522 that the religious art in Nürnberg was by no means to be abolished, we gain an insight into the mutual understanding and the well-functioned communication between Luther and the Nürnberg lay elites in the early phase of the Reformation. In terms of this, we take a further step to examine to what extent the Nürnberg lay elites' religious behavior and their concern over the survival of religious culture impact Luther's making of his cultural politics to fight against the rising radical reformation.