合作設計過程中個人的創造潛能與團隊的概念衍伸對設計成果之影響

Exploring the Relationship between Personal Creativity, Creative Process, Concept Evolution, and Design Performance in a Collaborative Design Process

本研究的主要目的，在於探討合作設計過程中，團隊成員的創造潛能、設計過程的認知變化、概念衍伸度等因素，對於設計成果與創意表現的交互關係。研究使用「新編創造思考測驗」量測受測者的創造潛能，並利用口語分析法對合作設計實驗的過程資料進行分析。設計過程資料使用設計內容導向編碼系統 （DCOCS） 加以編碼後，分別進行探索階段的預設結構 （PSEP） 比例以及概念衍伸度等分析。研究結果發現：1） 創造潛能組合相似的設計團隊，其設計成果不一定相同；2） 合作設計過程中，設計師的認知變化與創意展現和設計成果之間沒有顯著的關係；3） 團隊概念衍伸度較高的團隊，能得到較佳的設計成果。綜合上述結果發現，在合作式設計過程中，要產生良好的設計成果，最重要的是團隊所提出的設計概念需要經由成員的相互合作、持續地發展與衍伸。

The high demand of creativity in industry results in the emphasis on the multidisciplinary collaborative design. Our research question is which of designers, or design processes, or collective concepts influence the design performance most during this process. The purpose is to explore the relationship between creative potentials of team members, cognitive change during the design process, evolution of the concepts, and design performance in a collaborative design process. This was a concurrent protocol study, utilizing Design Content Oriented Coding Scheme （DCOCS）. The evaluative methods used in this study included a new version of the Torrance Test of Creativity, the rate of Preinventive Structure in the Explorative Phase （PSEP）, and the rate of concept evolution. Results showed first, the teams that had similar combination of creative potentials of members produced different design performance; second, the cognitive change of the team members in the design process had no correlation to design performance; and finally, the design team having a higher rate of concept evolution had better design performance. To conclude, the most important thing to consider in a collaborative design process is whether the collaborative interactions between team members can consistently develop and evolve their concepts and consequently produce better design performance.