指示性線索對空間認知風格者之非一致性選擇反應作業績效之影響

The Influence of Directional Cues on Operators' Performance in Non-correspondent Spatial S-R Pairing Tasks

本研究之目的，旨在探討指示性線索形式對空間認知個別化差異者的空間刺激反應作業績效的影響。本研究之實驗採用2 （空間認知風格） × 3 （指示性線索作業形式） 之設計。空間認知風格以Riding之電腦化Cognitive Styles Analysis （CSA）測驗所判定之場地獨立 （field-independent） 與場地依賴 （field-dependent） 等兩認知風格型態定義之。實驗任務則包含無指示性線索（no-indexical cue）、刺激指示線索（stimulus directional cue）與反應指示線索（response directional cue）等三個作業。實驗結果顯示：在含有指示性線索的任務中，兩種空間認知風格之作業績效均明顯變快。其中，場地依賴認知風格者在反應指示線索作業中的作業績效增進情況，尤其顯著。此顯示，反應指示線索最有助增進各種空間認知風格者在空間刺激反應作業中的作業績效表現。因此，本研究建議使用反應指示線索設計非一致性空間刺激反應裝置，以維持各種空間認知個別化差異者的作業安全。

This study investigated the effects of directional cues on operators' performance in non-correspondent spatial stimulus-response （S-R） pairing tasks. The experiment used a 2 （spatial cognitive styles） × 3 （directional cue task types） design. Spatial cognitive styles included field-dependent （FD） and field-independent （FI） cognitive styles which were divided by Riding's computer-administered Cognitive Style Analysis （CSA）. The experimental tasks consisted of a no-directional cue task （a non-correspondent spatial S-R pairing task without directional cue） and two directional cue tasks. The directional cue tasks consisted of a stimulus directional cue task （a non-correspondent spatial S-R pairing task with stimulus directional cue）, and a response directional cue task （a non-correspondent spatial S-R pairing task with directional response cue）. The result of significant variance analysis showed that both FD and FI cognitive styles performed significantly better in both directional cue tasks. This implies the important role of directional cues for enhancing the performance of operators of different spatial cognitive styles in non-correspondent spatial S-R pairing tasks. Thus, it is suggested that directional cue can be used in designing the control-display devices with non-correspondent spatial S-R pairing patterns for the operators of different spatial cognitive styles.