即時繪圖虛擬原型與實體模型之產品造形真實度認知研究——以汽車造形設計為例

The Effects of Individual Spatial Cognitive Styles and Spatial Stimulus-Response Pairing Patterns on Choice Reaction Time

本研究嘗試了解即時繪圖之虛擬原型與實體模型的認知差異程度，研究以實車（Real Car）為比較基準，針對縮小比例虛擬車（Scaled Virtual Model）、縮小模型車（Scaled Physical Model）、全尺寸虛擬車（Full-Scaled Virtual Model）進行不同視角的判別屬性比較。研究結果發現，在汽車虛擬量體以即時繪圖方式呈現下，就視角的真實度而言以透視表現最佳，不過與其他視角比較並沒有顯著性差異。在整體真實度呈現上，則以縮小模型車最佳，其次為全尺寸虛擬車、縮小比例虛擬車。雖然是縮小比例實體模型，不過在整體效果的判別評估中，優於全尺寸虛擬車與縮小比例虛擬車，可見人們在視覺評估仍習慣實體視覺呈現及可觸摸的感覺。就造形屬性而言，全尺寸比例所呈現之效果比縮小實體模型及縮小比例虛擬車呈現較佳，且與縮小比例虛擬車有顯著性之差異存在。因此，全尺寸比例的呈現，對造形屬性判別而言，扮演十分重要的角色。就光影屬性、色彩屬性和材質屬性而言，縮小之實體模型，比全尺寸虛擬車與縮小比例虛擬車，能得到更佳之效果。不過，細節屬性，則以全尺寸虛擬車呈現的效果，比縮小比例虛擬車佳；而與縮小模型車比較起來並沒有顯著性的差異。整體效果屬性而言，則以縮小模型較佳，全尺寸虛擬車次之，而縮小比例虛擬車最差。

This study compares the different degrees of realism conveyed by physical models and real-time rendered virtual prototypes. Using scaled physical models, scaled virtual prototypes, and full-scale virtual prototypes as stimuli, the authors conducted experiments to investigate perception of realism with respect to six sets of attributes: form, lighting and shadow, details, color, material, and total effect. Overall, the authors found that scaled physical models conveyed the highest degree of realism, followed by full-scale virtual prototypes, and then scaled virtual prototypes. With respect to form attributes, full-scale virtual prototypes delivered better realism than scaled physical and virtual models, where the differences are significant between full-scale and scaled virtual prototypes. Thus, being able to view form features in full size appears to be important in perceiving objects' forms. With respect to lighting and shadow as well as color and material attributes, scaled physical models conveyed higher degree of realism than full-scale or scaled virtual prototypes. In terms of detailed attributes, full-scale virtual prototypes provided better realism than scaled virtual prototypes, but not significantly better than scaled physical models. For total effect attributes, scaled physical models conveyed the highest degree of realism, followed by full-scale virtual prototypes, and then scaled virtual prototypes.