視覺影像處理之眼球運動相關研究探討

Eye Movements in Image Viewing Processing

本研究重點在於對視覺影像處理相關眼球運動研究的文獻回顧與綜合討論，分為三大部分：眼球運動研究概述、文獻整理以及綜合討論。首先就視覺注意機制和使用該方法的原因進行陳述；其次將文獻整理部分區分為圖像知覺、圖文共陳與影片知覺三個區塊；最後則對圖像辨識、偏好與審美等議題進行探討。經由文獻結果交叉歸納，提出四點結論：（1）眼球追蹤是一項客觀的影像偏好評估工具，但建議配合其它研究方法進行深度剖析，（2）視覺影像上的感官愉悅，具有「安定省力」和「積極探索」的特質，（3）美學目的之圖像觀察重視視覺元素的空間佈局，（4）美感性的傳播必須提升影像在圖文媒體中的使用地位。建議未來研究應拓展至：（1）流行文化影像，（2）影像之視覺元素和語意特徵與心理處理階段間的關係，（3）未直接注意的影像區域，（4）不同觀者間之文化差異比較。

This paper reviews and discusses previous studies of eye movements in image viewing processing. First, a brief introduction to eye movement research, including visual attention mechanism and the reason for adopting this methodology, is given. Second, image viewing research of eye movements, such as picture viewing, picture-text integration and film watching, is reviewed. Finally, issues of recognition, preference and aesthetics of images are discussed. Our conclusions are as follows. （a） Eye-tracking is indeed an objective evaluation tool in image preference, but merits further exploration with other research methods. （b） Two characteristics of pleasurable feelings derived from image viewing are 'stabilization with mental effort-saving' and 'active exploration'. （c） When viewing pictures for aesthetic purpose, we will pay more attention to the spatial composition of visual factors. （d） Image viewing processing is the key factor of aesthetic perception in picture-text communication. Suggested future research can explore issues of: （a） popular culture images, （b） relation between visual elements and semantic features of images and viewing processing stages, （c） undirected visual attention to images, and （d） comparison of cultural differences among viewers.