高齡者使用小型觸控式螢幕之研究

A Study on the Operation of the Elderly for a Small Touch-screen

探討高齡者在使用小型觸控式螢幕時的操作性為本研究的目的。本研究主要以三組的受測族群：高齡組、中高齡組、年輕組各12位；三種操作姿勢：坐著－－手持個人數位助理（PDA）、坐著－－PDA置於桌上、與站立－－手持PDA；五種虛擬按鍵尺寸：邊長分別為3、5、7、9、11mm的正方形；與兩種輸入方式：用手指輸入、用觸控筆輸入，探討小型觸控式螢幕的操作性。每位受測者皆須操作30次作業（按鍵尺寸5種x輸入方式2種x操作姿勢3種），所有的實驗皆利用PDA進行，實驗作業為模擬電話號碼輸入。實驗的軟體程式可同時記錄每次的操作時間，本研究以操作時間作為評估各項實驗條件下的操作性優劣的依據。由本研究的結果得知，在任何按鍵尺寸與輸入方式之下，高齡者所需的操作時間都比中高齡者與年輕人所需的操作時間長。將PDA置於桌上有助於操作的穩定性，其所需的操作時間較短。整體而言，考慮到不同的使用族群，用手指輸入時，最小的按鍵尺寸建議為9mm×9mm；若用觸控筆輸入時，最小的按鍵尺寸建議為5mm×5mm；本研究的結果可作為小型資訊產品之觸控式螢幕介面設計的參考。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the operation of the elderly for a small touch-screen. Twelve elderly subjects （above 65 years old）, twelve middle-elderly subjects （45-64 years old）, and twelve young subjects （20-35 years old） participated in the study. The setting of the experiment was simulated by a personal digital assistant （PDA）. Each subject had to perform the task of inputting a ten-digit phone number under 30 different conditions （five dimensions of virtual keys: square of 3mm, 5mm, 7mm, 9mm, and 11mm; two input devices: with a pointer and the subject's finger; three operating postures: sitting posture and the PDA held by hand, sitting posture and the PDA put on a desk, and standing posture and the PDA held by hand）. The operation time of each task was recorded when the subject performed the task. According to the results of this study, the elderly took longer operation time than middle-elderly and young subjects. Considering different user groups, it was suggested that the minimum dimension of virtual keys for a small touch-screen to be 9mm×9mm with finger input, or 5mm×5mm with pointer input to effectively operate a small touch-screen product.