以病人為中心的設計：洗腎機設計沿革為例之個案研究

Designing for Patient-Centeredness: The Design of Hemodialysis Equipment

本研究的目的在探討「以病人為中心（Patient-Centeredness）」之設計原則，對醫療產品設計之影響。因為使用面包含家中到醫院，醫護人員及病人皆可自行操作機器之可行性，洗腎機（Hemodialysis）因此被挑選為個案進行相關研究，以探討以病人為中心與傳統「以醫生為中心（Clinician-Centered）」之設計成果之差別。從洗腎機的設計發展過程故事中顯示洗腎機的設計不僅要受到科技發展及市場需求的影響，在設計時更需要考慮病人及醫療人員之需求。研究的成果確認以病人為中心之設計理念的合理性及在洗腎機設計沿革上的影響。最後，研究建議洗腎機需要更創新的改革：如何透過學習病人的心得回饋在設計上，以提供病人更大的利益，讓洗腎病患有一個更美好的未來。

The aim of this study was to gain an insight into the use and application of patient-centeredness to medical equipment design. Hemodialysis （HD） equipment was therefore chosen as a 'case' to identify the differences in the end-products resulting from clinician-centered （traditional design methods） and patient-centered to design. The story of HD equipment evolution demonstrated that the design of HD equipment should be influenced not only by technology-push or/and market-pull but also by the needs of the patients or clinicians. The appropriateness of the patient-centeredness and its application to HD has also been identified in this study. Finally, the study suggests a radical change is required for the design of HD equipment. The learned lessons from the patient are the finest basis of discussion for how to get benefits back to the patient.