造形影響辨識與記憶之研究

A Study on Recognition and Memory of Shape

設計者常常應用不同的造形處理方式於設計過程中，但觀察者對於這些造形處理的認知感受與理解程度為何？這是本研究期望能夠瞭解之處。實驗中是以控制的30個刺激造形圖形進行測試，並針對“外形處理方式＂與“分支結構數目＂這兩項變數進行探討。由實驗與分析後得到以下幾項結果：一.包含六種外形的處理方式下，對於造形的記憶與辨識能力，並不會隨著分支結構的數目增加而改變。當外形處理方式上是以具有規則性造形處理時，其造形分支結構的數量，對於造形的記憶與辨識能力會有顯著性的影響（顯著性P=.016）。二.在包含五種分支結構數的情況下，六種的外形處理方式對於造形的記憶與辨識能力會有顯著性的影響（P=.048）。但是在結構分支數較少的情況下，其影響並不顯著（P=.486）；而當造形上結構分支數量較多時，其對於造形的記憶與辨識能力的影響則具顯著（P=.003）。三.在“三組外形處理方式＂與“五種分支結構數＂這兩項變數的交互作用下，對於造形的記憶與辨識能力並無顯著性的影響。四.造形設計背景的有否，對於造形辨識與記憶能力不會有顯著的影響。本研究嘗試從結構的複雜度與造形的處理方式這兩項因素，對於觀察者在造形辨識及記憶能力與特質上進行初步的瞭解。

Designers often apply various techniques to design objects' shapes in their design processes. The purpose of this study is to investigate observers' cognitive attitudes and degrees of comprehensions towards these different shapes. In the experiment, thirty visual stimuli were used for testing purposes. The variables are 'shape-processing technique' and 'the number of structure branch.' The results of this study are: （1） Among the six shape-processing techniques, observers' shape memory and recognition ability would not be changed as the number of structure branch increased. However, when the shape-processing techniques were applied in order, there existed a significant difference in the number of structure branch regarding observers' shape memory and recognition ability （P=.016）. （2） Among the five different structure branches, there existed a significant difference in six shape-processing techniques pertaining to observers' shape memory and recognition ability （P=.048）. Nonetheless, as the number of structure branch became less, its influence tended to be insignificant （P=.486）. On the contrary, as the number of structure branch increased, its influence tended to be significant （P=.003）. （3） There existed no significant difference in the interaction between the variables of 'three groups of shape-processing techniques' and 'five different structure branches.' （4） There existed no significant difference in observers' design backgrounds. This study has provided more evidence about the influence of structure complexity and shape-processing techniques on observers' shape memory and recognition ability.