以文法概念為基礎的電腦輔助造形設計模式研究——以咖啡杯設計為例

A Study on Computer-Aided Form Development Based on Shape Grammar Concept-with Coffee Cup Design as a Case Study

本文以咖啡杯設計為例，提出一套以文法概念為基礎的電腦輔助造形設計的方法。全文除前言及結論外，分為咖啡杯造形分析、造形發展模式提出及擴大應用等三個主要部分。在咖啡杯造形分析部分，首先收集108個咖啡杯為樣本，建立成電腦圖檔，並描述及分解出其造形構件，之後將其分類，並就其特徵分別加以計測，而分析其造形變化範圍及平均造形。依此建構咖啡杯的文法規則，並提出三階段的造形發展模式，分別是造形衍生、篩選及建構模組。由造形衍生模組以所定義的規則對其構件衍生，之後透過篩選模組中的篩選條件，濾除掉不合適的衍生形，最後則由建構模組將其建構成立體電腦圖學模型，供使用者在電腦上評選、修正、發展為最終的造形。擴大應用的部分，則嘗試建構部分表面花紋的衍生規則，使咖啡杯的設計系統更趨完整。最後並探討將所提出的模式應用在容器設計上的可行性。本文所建構的造形規則，除了能產生樣本中的造形外，並能產生多種變化的造形，提供設計師造形設計的電腦化工具。雖然本文提出的文法規則是以咖啡杯而作，但此模式的原理也能轉用於其他形態的產品設計。

This study proposes a model of computer-aided form development based on the concept of shape grammars. In addition to the introductory and conclusive sections, the paper has three other major parts, including shape analysis of coffee cups, a proposal of a model of shape generation, and its expanded applications. In the analysis section, the shapes of 108 coffee cups are analyzed and decomposed into major components. Features of the components are then measured, ranges of variations are determined, and a stereotype of the coffee cups represented by the average shape is then generated. From there, a grammar for coffee cup generation is defined and a three-stage model of coffee cup form development is proposed. The first stage uses the grammar rules to generate various coffee cups and the screening modules in the second stage select the various forms according to predetermined criteria. The third stage presents the chosen coffee cups with a 3D computer model so that users can evaluate, modify, or further develop them. To expand the application, rules for generating surface pattern designs are also suggested. Finally, the feasibility of extending this into a general system for building all types of containers is also discussed. The proposed model is considered a useful tool and its principles also can be applied in developing various types of products.