基底動脈發育不全

Basilar Artery Hypoplasia

背景：只要基底動脈在上段1.0 cm 處之外徑小於一般值（3.0 mm~5.5 mm），可認定為基底動脈發育不全，特回顧作者任職於桃園某區域醫院時所遇到之案例。材料及方法：回溯2008 年至2010 年間，由作者所安排之合併飛行時間效應血管造影之磁振造影者共計96 名，選出基底動脈發育不全者。結果：共計12 名（男3，女9），年齡平均為49.8 歲（標準差為11.9），58.3%（n=7）臨床診斷為椎基底動脈循環不全，83.3%（n=10）會合併椎動脈發育不全，66.7%（n=8）具有胎兒型後大腦動脈，無人可發現持續性環節動脈。均根據臨床診斷給予相對應的治療，58.3%（n=7）病症受到了控制，其餘41.7%（n=5）病症已經治癒。結論：對於頭暈、頭痛或耳鳴症狀持續3 個月以上，且高度懷疑有中樞神經病變之個案，所安排的合併飛行時間效應血管造影之磁振造影中，基底動脈發育不全的發生比例為12.5%，建議內科保守治療。

Background: Basilar artery hypoplasia (BAH) was considered if the outer diameter in the upper 1.0 cm segment was less than the common range (3.0 mm~ 5.5 mm). The patients I encountered at a regional hospital in Tao-Yuan were reviewed. Methods: Between 2008 and 2010, 96 patients with magnetic resonance imaging with a time-of-flight angiogram scheduled by the author were reviewed. Results: Twelve patients (3 male and 9 female) with BAH were enrolled. The average age was 49.8 years (S.D.=11.9). Of them, 58.3% (n=7) were diagnosed with vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency; besides, 83.3% (n=10) had vertebral artery hypoplasia, and 66.7% (n=8) had fetal type posterior cerebral arteries, but none had a persistent trigeminal artery. All of them were treated conservatively. Finally, the symptoms of 58.3% (n=7) were well controlled, and that of the others were cured. Conclusions: The prevalence of BAH was 12.5% on magnetic resonance imaging with time-of-flight angiograms of those that had been bothered by dizziness, headache or tinnitus for at least three months, and were suspected of a central lesion. Conservative treatment was recommended.