生活技能介入對提昇糖尿病病友知識、態度及自我管理成效之探討

A Study of the Effectiveness of Life Skills Intervention on Improving Diabetic Patients’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-management

本研究旨在探討生活技能應用以提升糖尿病病友知識、態度及自我管理之成效。採類實驗性研究法，以立意取樣在中部某區域教學醫院之新陳代謝科門診，選取符合收案條件之糖尿病患者共53 位樣本，分配為實驗組25 位與對照組28 位，實驗組每兩週接受生活技能衛教活動100 分鐘，每週電訪追蹤記錄日常生活的血糖自我監測、運動及主食份量；對照組僅提供「糖尿病與我」衛教手冊。本研究介入前後兩次問卷評量，活動為期8 週。結果顯示：實驗組在糖尿病知識、態度、行為均高於對照組。且前、後比較實驗組在糖尿病知識、態度、行為均顯著進步（知識p<.001，態度p<.001，行為中血糖自我監測p<.01，運動p<.001，辨識主食p<.001）；對照組則無差異。綜觀結果顯示生活技能介入對於提高糖尿病病友之知識、態度及自我健康管理有顯著改善，期望本研究可提供臨床護理實務之應用，以提高糖尿病患者生活品質。

The purpose of this study was to explore practical life skills to enhance the effectiveness of diabetic patients’knowledge, attitude, and self-management. A quasi-experimental research method was adopted and purposive sampling was conducted at the Department of Metabolism in a regional teaching hospital in Central Taiwan. Fifty-three samples fitting the criteria for selection of diabetic patients were collected, 25 of which were in the experimental group and 28 cases in the control group. The experimental group engaged in life skills related to health education activities for 100 minutes every two weeks. Each week, telephone interviews were conducted to track and record the subjects’self-monitoring of blood sugar, exercise, and amount of staple food intake; the control group on the other hand were only given diabetes and national diabetes health education handbooks. Two questionnaire surveys were conducted: one before and one after the activity that lasted for 8 weeks. The results indicated the experimental group performed better than the control group in terms of knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Comparing the experimental group’s diabetes knowledge, attitude, and behavior before and after the activity, remarkable improvement was observed (knowledge p<.001, attitude, p<.001, self-monitoring of blood sugar (behavior) p<.01, exercise p<.001, identification of staple food p<.001); the control group did not show any differences in these measurements. The summarized results show life skills intervention significantly enhanced diabetic patients’knowledge, attitude, and self-heath management. This study is expected to be applied in clinical nursing care to enhance the quality of life of diabetic patients.