護理人員組織承諾、工作滿足與組織公民行為之研究

A Study on the Relationship among Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Nursing Personnel

Deluga指出在信任的基礎中，員工相信在其付出努力後，組識或管理者會有對等的回饋，從而提高員工組織公民行為的意願。本研究以護理人員任職之醫療機構屬性、護理人員之個別特徵為自變數，組織承諾、工作滿足為中介變數，組織公民行為為依變數，針對護理主管對護理人員信任程度，以臺灣南部1357位護理人員為對象，發出問卷調查。資料的分析方法，採用信效度、因素分析、描述性統計分析、差異檢定分析、皮爾森相關分析、及複迴歸模式分析，探討各變項間的關係。護理人員的組織公民行為表現，其員工自我認知與主管評值的價值尚具一致性。本研究結果顯示：1.為實施護理專業能力進階制度，必須規範護理人員正式傳承的責任制度；2.創造非正式護理傳承的管道，藉由非護理專業議題的共同討論，可促進溝通，以達共識；3.實施參與式管理，依護理人員的個別特質，提供參與活動之機會，以利授權，可落實民主式領導的績效；4.並提供社會規範中，對於負有南丁格爾使命而在社會輿論中默默耕耘的護理人員，管理之參考。

Deluga (1994) pointed out that under the basis of faith, the nurses believe that if they work hard enough, the organization or supervisor will give equal feedback and thus organizational citizenship behavior (OGB) is improved. So, at present, while nursing human resources are rather stable, how to improve the nurses' OGB is rather important. This study uses the characteristics of medical organization and nurses as independent variable, organizational commitment (OG) and job satisfaction (JS) as intermediate variable, and organizational citizenship behavior as dependent variable. The objects were 1357 nurses in Southern Taiwan and we used questionnaire. The methods used to probe the relations of all the variables are as follows: reliability analysis, validity analysis, factor analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. From the study, we find that the nurses' self-realization is consistent with the supervisors' evaluation. This study suggests that there be nursing profession and proficiency test system so that nursing has formal hereditary responsibility system. At the same time, there should also be informal hereditary responsibility system so that through discussing non-professional topics, brainstorming and communication, agreements can be reached. And practice participatory democracy management; that is, give nurses equal chances of involving in activities and discussions based on their personal traits, so that the ideas of empowering and democratic leadership are achieved. This research hopefully can offer both the society and the Florence Nightingales some fresh ideas in management.