論展示在博覽會與博物館的角色

The Role of Exhibitions in Expositions and Museums

博物館在過去被視為布爾齊瓦階級的殿堂，如今變成了大眾進行文明儀式的場所；博物館可以提供暫時性的端景，讓參觀博物館成為一種智性活動。然而在另一方面，卻可以被視為政治活動，博物館竟成為國家貫徹意志的工具。因此本文嘗試以文化研究的角度論述，博覽會與博物館其展示形式、內容，在歷史的過程中所代表的種種意義，如不同的意識形態：帝國主義、法西斯主義、資本主義、甚至民族主義等，博物館展示內容都顯現出不同的敘述力量。本文將以不同時期的博覽會與博物館展示為例，描述其所代表的不同意涵。

Museums used to be regarded as palaces for the Buerqiwa class, but now they have become places for the public to carry out civilized ceremonies. Museums can provide temporary side views, making visits to them the intellectual activities; on the other hand, however, the visits can be seen as political activities, making museums ultimately the national apparatus for enforcing its political will. Therefore, this article attempts to discuss, from the perspective of cultural studies, the exhibition patterns and displayed contents of expositions and museums, and their diverse meanings in the course of history, such as different ideologies like imperialism, fascism, capitalism, and even nationalism, which demonstrate the narrative power of the contents displayed in museums. This article will take exhibitions in expositions and museums, of different periods of time, as examples to describe the different meanings they represent.