民國以來詞總集「凡例」之檢視與前瞻建議

Review and Premonitory Suggestions of Examples in the Volumes of Reference Work of Ci Poetry since the Republic of China

本文首先檢視《全唐五代詞》、《全宋詞》、《全明詞》、《全清詞‧順康卷》等詞總集之「凡例」，發現所涉內容多達十八項，又可歸為兩類：一為處理詞作之體例，一為處理與詞作相關之體例。然此中對於是否附錄評點意見（簡稱「附評」），或給予簡單附注（簡稱「簡注」），均未具體說明。爰以《清代詩文集彙編》所錄，目前印行《全清詞》佚收左輔詞中，有附評之37闋作品為例，證明此中按語，或就風格評點，或就內容評點，或兼風格、內容評點，皆有可觀，誠不可一概棄之。其次，又以佚收靳之隆《無逸詞》44闋為例，說明今人整理詞總集，應有「簡注」之觀念，項目包括：一、作者所據之詞譜；二、詞調異名；三、字數、句數、句式；四、押韻；五、錯、漏字及字體漫漶；六、生難字詞；七、生難字詞之擬音。如此處理，即可呈現今人整理總集突破前賢之所在。末則對於正體字與異體字之問題，建議列一「凡例」予以說明，庶免讀者不知所從。

This study reviews the examples in the volumes of reference work of Ci Poetry, such as Quan Tang and Five Dynasties Ci, Quan Song Ci, Quan Ming Ci, Shunzhi and Kangxi Volume in Quan Qing Ci. It is found that these examples can be divided into two categories, namely the examples for dealing with Ci poems and the examples for dealing with Ci-related works. However, there was no consensus on whether appendices of reviews or simple footnotes should be included. Compared with The Collection of Qing Poetry, the current printed version of Quan Qing Ci includes 37 works of Zuo Fu which were reviewed. Among these reviews, there were on rhetoric, styles, contexts, and reflections. None of them can be neglected. Additionally, forty-four works of Jin Zhilong’s Wu Yi Ci indicates there are seven principles: a. indication of tunes. b. the same tune with a different name; c. problems with word counts, sentence numbers, sentence patterns d.riming; e. indication of wrong or missing characters; f. difficult words or characters and their allusions; g. pronunciation of difficult words Based on these seven principles, the studies of current people can surpass those of predecessors. The issue related to a correct character and variant characters should be explained in the examples so that readers can fully understand.