網球運動員心理素質訓練之探討

Research on Psychological Quality Training of Tennis Athlete

本文的主要目的是在探討心理素質訓練對網球運動員之影響與應用，並提供理論基礎以及具體訓練方式及內容，讓國內網球教練實際應用於訓練與比賽中，進而協助選手有效提升技術與心理素質。透過文獻蒐集的方法將所得資料加以歸納分析後，從中探討心理素質訓練的原則、理論內容與意涵等。經文獻探討後得知，心理素質訓練需符合計畫性、個別差異、共識性及漸進性原則；而在理論內容與意涵方面則須瞭解網球運動員焦慮及壓力管理、放鬆訓練、意象訓練及專注訓練等。

The aim of this article is to introduce the influence and application of psychological quality training in tennis, and to provide a theoretical base, practical training method, and materials. These could be used by tennis coaches in Taiwan for daily training and competitions, by which tennis athletes can master their skills and psychological quality. Based on reviewed literature, the principles, theories and connotations of psychological quality training were visited. In order to enhance psychological quality among tennis athletes, we suggest the need for coaches to abide by following approaches. On the one hand, psychological quality training must be in accordance with principles regarding planning, individual differences, consensus, and progressive. On the other hand, in terms of theory and connotation of psychological training, tennis coaches should understand a tennis athlete's anxiety and stress management, relaxation training, image training, and focus training.