個體在團體工作時的動機提升效應

The group motivation gain effect

個體在團體工作時的動機，是影響團體生產力的關鍵，過去研究大多針對個體在團體中會有社會懈怠或是動機減弱的現象進行探討，而忽略了個體在團體工作時可能會有動機提升的現象產生，有別於此，Köhler效應則提供了我們如何提升個體在團體工作時的動機的思考方向。本文介紹Köhler的動機提升效應，並分析導致動機提升效應的機制以及可能影響此效應的調節因子，透過文獻評閱，本文也提供了動機提升效應的未來研究方向。

An Individaul's motivation while working in the group is the key to group productivity. To date, the majority of researches pertaining to group motivation have focused on motivation loss effect, such as social loafing. However, the motivation gain effect has been neglected. Through literature review, this article introduces a group motivation gain effect (i.e. the Köhler effect), discusses the possible mechanisms and moderators, and offers some future research directions.