轉化型領導、交易型領導、動機觀點與組織公民行為關聯性之研究

The Study of the Association among Transformation Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Motives Perspectives and Organizational Citizenship Behavior

轉化型領導是領導者訂定一個明確的願景，以崇高的理想和道德的基礎來影響部屬。而交易型領導強調工作標準和目標，以官僚權威和合法正當性為基礎，希望部屬順從其領導。本研究以轉化型領導、交易型領導為自變數，動機為中介變數，組織公民行為為依變項，探討員工對於轉化型領導、交易型領導透過動機對組織公民行為之關係。樣本之抽取乃藉由個案商業銀行為實證研究之對象，研究結果發現：（1）轉化型領導會部份正向顯著影響利他動機和利己動機；（2）交易型領導會部份正向顯著影響利他動機和利己動機；（3）利他動機會部份正向顯著影響組織公民行為；（4）利己動機會部份正 向顯著影響組織公民行為；（5）轉化型領導會透過動機觀點，對組織公民型為產生中介影響；（6）交易型領導會透過動機觀點，對組織公民型為產生中介影響。

Transformational leaders motivate followers by appealing to higher ideals and moral values. Transformational leaders must be able to define and articulate a vision for their organizations, and the followers must accept the credibility of the leader. On the other hand, Transactional leadership is based on bureaucratic authority and legitimacy within the organization. Transactional leaders emphasize work standards and task-oriented goals. In addition, Transactional leaders tend to focus on task completion and employee compliance, and these leaders rely quite heavily on organizational rewards and punishments to influence employee performance. The results of this research indicated that: (1) Transformational leadership partial positive impacts on self-interest and prosocial motives; (2) Transactional leadership partial positive impacts on self-interest and prosocial motives; (3) Prosocial motives partial positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior; (4) Self-interest partial positive impact on organizational citizenship behavior; (5) Motives perspectives has mediated effects upon the impact of Transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior; (6) Motives perspectives has mediated effects upon the impact of Transactional leadership on organizational citizenship behavior business performance.