船員之集體主義傾向與團隊衝突知覺對組織公民行為的影響

Collectivism and Intragroup Conflict Perception of Sailors on Organizational Citizenship Behavior

台灣屬於出口導向的海島型經濟體，穩定成長的經濟是維持國民生存的命脈，而隨著海運的蓬勃發展，海運業逐漸意識到操船團隊的重要性，但在一團隊中，團隊成員可能因其個人／集體主義傾向之不同影響其在個人需求與團體利益之間的取捨，也會因彼此間的認知差異而導致衝突，進而影響到對組織的貢獻及展現組織公民行為的意願。因此，本研究以遠洋貨輪船員為研究對象，採用立意抽樣方式進行問卷調查，主要探討集體主義傾向與團隊衝突知覺對組織公民行為的影響。從有效回收的532份有效樣本的結果發現，集體主義傾向與組織公民行為有正向的效果，對團隊衝突知覺有負向的效果。此外，團隊衝突知覺對組織公民行為有負向的影響性，並對集體主傾向與組織公民行為的關聯性有中介效果存在。

Taiwan is an island with its export-oriented economy, so the stable growth of economy is necessary for its people to maintain satisfactory life. With the prosperous development of the marine shipping, the shipping industry gradually became aware of the importance of the shiphandling group. This is because in the shiphandling group the group members might be different in their tendency of individualism or collectivism, which might influence their consideration and decision between the personal needs and the group interests. Moreover, the difference of the group members' cognition might breed confliction and furthered to influence the members' willing to contribute to the organization and perform OCB behavior. Using purposive sampling to conduct a questionnaire survey on sailors of ocean-going freighters, this study investigates the effects of collectivism and intragroup conflict on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). By analyzing the results of 532 valid samples, we found that collectivism had a significantly positive effect on OCB but a significantly negative effect on intragroup conflict. In addition, intragroup conflict had a negative effect on OCB and a mediating effect on the relationship between collectivism and OCB.