團隊內部群體動力、外部支援機制與團隊過程對團隊效能之影響效果

The Effects of Internal Group Dynamics, External Support Mechanisms and Team Process on Team Effectiveness

資訊系統開發(Information System Development; ISD)長久以來一直是資管領域的核心議題，而自我導向工作團隊(Self-Directed Work Teams; SDWTs)的運用對於資訊系統開發工作而言是個必然之趨勢。本研究乃在瞭解資訊系統自我導向工作團隊之內部群體動力、外部支援機制與團隊效能之直接與間接影響效果。本研究以IPO(Input-Process-Output)的觀點，建構內部群體動力、外部支援機制、團隊過程影響團隊效能的模式。經蒐集40 個資訊系統自我導向工作團隊資料(149 人)，以層級迴歸方法進行分析。研究結果顯示，內部群體動力之工作特性對於團隊效能除了具有直接的效果外，亦會經由成員溝通而間接影響團隊效能。外部支援機制之組織支援系統與團隊間關係對於團隊效能具有直接的影響；同時其亦會經由成員溝通與成員合作等團隊過程而間接影響團隊績效。由此可見，欲提昇資訊系統開發團隊效能，除著重團隊工作之設計、組織之支援系統以及團隊間關係的建立外，亦可從團隊成員彼此間之溝通與合作來著手。

Information system development (ISD) is considered to be a critical issue. The usage of self-directed work teams (SDWTs) in ISD is a necessary trend. The current study examines the direct and indirect effects of internal group dynamics, external support mechanisms and team effectiveness for ISD SDWTs. This study develops the model that tries to explain how internal group dynamics, external support mechanisms, and team process influence team effectiveness form the perspective of IPO (Input-Process-Output). We use data from 40 ISD SDWTs (149 individuals). The results show that internal team dynamics influences team effectiveness not only directly but also indirectly through member communication. Similarly, organizational support system and team relation influence team effectiveness not only directly but also indirectly through member communication and member cooperation. Therefore, to enhance the effectiveness of information system development team, it is important not only to lay emphasis on the planning of group tasks, and on the establishment of organizational support system and of good relationships among teams, but also to encourage member communication and member cooperation.