岩村的生態與經濟變遷－－一個農村的工業化與社區生活研究之1

ECOLOGICAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN YEN VILLAGE

本文從實際收集的材料，分析岩村的生態與經濟變遷。從民國53年到本研究調查期間（63年11月到64年2月）是岩村社會變遷相當激烈的時期，造成這種變遷的動力，主要來自外在的因素，即組織性工業社區的設立與擴張。本文的主要目的，即在探討龜山工業區區對於該村的生態體系及經濟結構的影響。在生態體系方面，最顯著的變化是造成土地利用的改變以及形成或強化社區結構的型態。居於上路的老社區，受工業區的影響小，仍保留比較傳統的型態，而位居山鶯路兩旁的下路，則很明顯的表現了新市鎮社區的型態。在經濟結構的變遷方面，則明顯的可以看出農業經營的萎縮，工業及商業活動的飛躍發展。為應付新的營生型態，只有從外面引進大量的人口，所以經濟結構的改變，連帶的也造成了人口急速遷移的現象。

The study is part of a larger project concerning industrialization and community life. The present article attempts to analyze the impacts of a modern organized industrial zone system on the ecological and economic structure of a rural village in northern Taiwan. The most significant transformations in the ecological system are the change in land utilization and the reinforcing of contrasts in the community structure. Shang-lu (上路), the original center of the village, being affected a lesser extent by industrialization, is keeping the traditional community life, while Hsia-Lu (下路), the center of industrialization process, is becoming a new town area. The changes in the economic structure can be seen in the following aspects: the increasing decline of agriculture and the rapid development of industrial and commercial activities. In order to cope with the new situations, a large population has migrated in to fill the new occupational niches.