從祖靈祭到Mgay Bari：當代太魯閣「傳統」祭儀的建構與詮釋

本文將以過往有關太魯閣當代傳統祭儀的研究作為基礎，加上2007年到2009年太魯閣族Mgay Bari祭典活動的文字素材，來探討太魯閣菁英對當代「傳統」祭典的建構與詮釋。以往有關台灣原住民當代「傳統」祭儀的研究大多是放在觀光或正名運動的脈絡之下來作探討，由於分析的層面聚焦在當代，這些「傳統」祭儀常被視為是短期的操作，乃因應觀光或正名的需求而產生。不同於上述觀點，這篇研究的脈絡不只是侷限在當代，而是試圖從一個較深遠的歷史縱軸－－亦即Truku人自主性地從南投東遷，擴展領域，與其他東部族群互動，一直到被日本殖民政權統治的過程，連結到當代受矚目的太魯閣族正名運動－－-來作分析。透過這些歷史過程的探討，一方面釐清「傳統」祭儀建構與太魯閣族正名運動之間的糾葛，另一方面則希望能藉此對於花蓮太魯閣人當代祭儀建構背後的社會文化動力，以及族群主體性的呈現有較深刻的剖析。

This article, based on past studies of contemporary Truku ‘traditional’ rituals and written materials of the ‘Mgay Bari’ ritual from 2007 to 2009, investigates the construction and interpretation by Truku elites of contemporary ‘traditional’ ritual. Past research regarding aboriginal ‘traditional’ rituals in contemporary Taiwan were mostly analyzed within the contexts of tourism or name rectification campaigns. Due to their focus on the present, these studies often saw the construction of ‘traditional’ rituals as short-term manipulations generated to meet the needs of tourism or name rectification. Unlike the above viewpoints, this study is not confined to the contemporary context. Instead the author attempts to analyze through a long-term historical perspective, including the Truku’s migrating from Natou to the east, expanding their territory, interacting with other eastern ethnic groups, living under Japanese colonial rule, and campaigning for Truku Name Rectification. Through analysis of these historical processes, this article aims to clarify the entanglements between the construction of ‘traditional’ ritual and Truku Name Rectification Campaign, and to explore the social-cultural dynamics behind contemporary Truku ‘traditional’ rituals.