探討組織結構設計與知識整合於企業MIS能力之影響

Exploring the Impact of Organizational Structure Design and Knowledge Integration on MIS Capabilitye

處於動態的知識潮流時代，組織需要不斷地強化現有能力，或是發展新能力來適應多變的環境，並且運用組織核心能力來維持競爭優勢。以知識管理觀點來探討能力的形成，由過去的研究文獻中發現知識整合具有關鍵性的影響。知識整合就是為了讓每個成員所具備的知識可以有效率地被充分運用，而不應讓所有的人去學習所有的事。因此，儲存於個人的特有知識可藉由設計適當的組織結構、善用權授、溝通或是決策的各種機制，使得知識整合成為組織能力，進而能發揮長期競爭優勢。本研究以知識基礎觀點的公司理論為發展基礎。在此觀點上，組織的制度及結構設計著重於瞭解知識與公司組織的本質，掌握重點才能作出適當的制訂來幫助知識的整合。因此本研究以企業MIS部門之能力為探討對象，探討企業中三種不同層級組織架構對於知識整合績效，以及知識整合績效對於企業MIS部門之能力之影響。本研究使用問卷調查法來蒐集相關資料，並使用路徑分析法來檢驗研究模式及假說。本研究所提出的五個假說中，有四個獲得支持。進一步說明研究發現，在知識整合的績效對於企業MIS部門之能力有顯著助益。對於知識整合績效部份，影響最大的組織結構乃是專案結構協調度，企業結構設計及知識編碼對於知識整合績效亦有顯著貢獻。

In the dynamic knowledge-oriented age, organizations need to continuously improve their existing capabilities and develop new capabilities to adapt to the ever-changing environment and maintain their competitive advantage. Organizations need to coordinate the knowledge held in different individuals instead of trying to make all staff members learn all things. Specific knowledge of separate individuals can be incorporated into organizational capabilities which are the basis for an organization's competitive advantage. This can be achieved by designing the appropriate organizational structure, authority, communication, decisions making and mechanism.Based on the knowledge-based theory of firm and hyper-text organization, this research emphasizes the coordination of organizational structure and knowledge management. Applying organizational structure and various integration mechanisms collected from related literature, we examined the relation between the factors of knowledge integration and the core capability of MIS department. Our goal is to achieve efficient knowledge creation, utility and transfer through the discussion.An empirical survey methodology was applied to test the research model and hypotheses proposed in this study. Four out of five hypotheses were validated in our research model by path analysis. The research result revealed that knowledge integration has significant impact on Capability of MIS department. Organizational structure design, including business structure design, project structure design and knowledge codification makes crucial contribution to knowledge integration.