魅力領導、家長式領導、德性領導與領導效應之研究

Charismatic、Paternalistic、and Virtue Leadership and Follower Effects

本研究主旨在探討西方主流魅力領導模型的完整性，進而提出一個適用於臺灣企業組織脈絡下的新的魅力領導模式。本研究的有效樣本為112位企業高階經理人，研究結果證實了加入德性領導因素可以建構一個更完整的魅力領導模式，並且能獲得預期的領導效應。研究也證實了華人家長式領導的仁慈領導構面最能有效的獲得預期的領導效應。綜合本研究的實證結果得知，企業高階經理人展現提倡願景、體恤部屬、德性領導與仁慈領導等行為，最能激發部屬正面的領導效應。本研究融合了西方的魅力領導裡論與東方的德行領導理論，做跨文化的普及性與彙整性驗證，除了闡述魅力領導與家長式領導在管理理論與實務上的意涵之外，亦指出了進一步的研究方向。

Based on western leading charismatic leadership model, this research demonstrates the critical position of the virtue component on a charismatic view of leadership and further formulates a more profound new charismatic leadership model adaptable to the Taiwanese business contexts. We collected data from 112 high ranked managers, the statistical findings confirm that the virtue leadership construct is an independent factor of Conger and Kanungo’s charismatic leadership model and significantly predicts follower cognitive outcome effects. Results prove that benevolent leadership dimension predicts leadership effect the most among the Chinese paternalistic leadership factors. Above all, we posit that managers receive follower’s positive recognition by demonstrating strategic vision and articulation, sensitivity to member’s needs, virtue leadership and benevolent behaviors. The present study merges Western originated charismatic leadership with Oriental virtue leadership dimension for a cross-cultural verification. Some key issues for future study and the implications for both management theory and practical domains are identified.