不同登階高度與登階頻率之有氧適能表現研究

Comparison of aerobic fitness of three minutes step test with different stepping height and stepping cadences

目的：釐清不同登階高度與頻率對三分鐘登階測驗評估有氧適能的影響。方法：以31名男性大學生為受試對象，平均年齡19.77±1.20歲、身高173.48±6.26公分、體重64.34±8.91公斤、最大攝氧量47.08±3.39ml．kg-1．min-1。所有受試者依平衡次序進行一次最大努力運動測驗與九次不同負荷登階測驗，登階負荷分別為登階高度30、35和40公分配合登階頻率18、24和30次／分，彙整測驗過程之攝氧量及心跳數進行分析。以最大努力運動測驗所得V.O2max為有氧適能水準的指標，透過積差相關法分析不同負荷登階測驗後，所核算的體能指數與最大攝氧量之相關，藉以瞭解不同負荷組合對登階測驗評估有氧適能的影響；以重複量數單因子變異數分析法判定穩定狀態攝氧量，據此定義適合受試族群登階測驗的相對運動強度，所有統計值的顯著水準訂為α=.05。結果：以登階高度40公分配合登階頻率24次／分的組合進行測驗，據此反應出的相對運動強度約為70%V.O2max並且擁有最佳預測有氧適能的效度（r=.50,p<.05）。結論：針對男性大學生族群，宜選擇登階高度40公分和登階頻率24次／分的負荷組合，未來可參考70%V.O2max的相對運動強度，探索適合特定族群的登階測驗組合。

Purpose: Evaluate the aerobic performance of 3-min step test using 3 stepping height and stepping cadences. Thirty-one college male subjects (M ± SD = 19.77 ± 1.20 years; 173.31 ± 6.62 cm; 64.34 ± 8.91 kg) had V.O2max measured by Bruce treadmill test (M ± SD = 47.08 ± 3.39 ml．kg-1．min-1). Methods: Subjects performed nine step tests using stepping height were 30, 35, and 40 cm, stepping cadences were 18, 24, and 30 ascents/min, respectively. Direct measurements of V.O2max obtained from the treadmill test were correlated with physical fitness index (PFI) calculated after nine different step tests. Results: Results indicated the intensities of step tests were varied at moderate/high level. The criterion-related validity coefficients for the nine stepping protocols were .37 to .50 (P< .05). Conclusion: The 3-min step test with 40 cm of stepping height and 24 ascents/min of stepping cadences was deemed to be a more effective (r = .50, p < .05; intensity ≒ 70% V.O2max) and practical field test to estimate the aerobic fitness of college males.