博奕理論在羽球比賽技術分析之應用

An application of game theory on badminton competition tactics analysis

目的：在探討羽球得權分、失權分與技戰術之關係。方法：以Prentice-Ｈall（1994）公司所研發的AB：QM－博奕理論（Game Theory）套裝軟體運算分析得分得權與失分失權，以大陸羽球選手葉釗穎在九場國際比賽16種單打技術（25項）對陣表為目標，藉以了解其技術優劣處，探討雙方對戰的情況。結果：1.葉釗穎得分得權技術特長方面：對角抽球達49.7%、髮夾式擊球22.6%、其他達10.7%、發短球8.5%、發平高球4.9%、低手挑球3.6%等。2.葉釗穎失分失權方面：推球28.4%、擋網前球18.2%、低手擊球14.1%、殺球10.9%、對角殺球10.3%、挑長球8.2%、其他5.7%、對角擋網前球2.7%、高長球1.4%等。結論：一、根據對戰雙方得失權分結果的分析顯示，博奕理論可以適用於探究羽球比賽戰術的規律性。二、博奕理論較適合分析實力相當的比賽，診斷對戰雙方的優劣技術表現，作為日後訓練與比賽的依據。

Purpose: This study aims at the tactics relations between gaining score / service and losing score / service. Method: The AB: QM¾ The Game Theory software, developed by Prentice-Hall in 1994 was used, as a set of operational analysis to evaluate the gaining score / service and losing score / service of China's badminton player Ye Ahauying's nine international-level matches, and using a matching chart to analyze the sixteen types of single' play techniques (coverted to twenty-five items), so as to analyze the advantages and to probe into both sides of the matching condition. Results: 1. The technical strong points of Ye Ahauying's gaining score / service are: cross drives (49.7 %); hairpin shots (22.6 %); and others (10.7 %); low serves (8.5 %); flick serves (4.9 %); lob net (3.6 %). 2. The technical shortcomings of Ye Ahauying's losing score/ service are: push nets (28.4 %); net blocking (18.2 %); lob nets (14.1 %); smashes (10.9 %); cross smashes (10.3 %); low clear (8.2 %); and others (5.7 %); cross net blocking (2.7 %); long clears (1.4 %). Conclusions: 1. The analysis virified Ye Ahauying's strong and weak skill/tactics. 2. Game theory can be used to study the regularity of the tactics in the badminton game especially when the opponents are of similar level.