十二週拔河訓練對國小男童體型肌力、瞬發力與血壓之影響

The effect on anthropometry, strength, power, and blood pressure in elementary school boy students after 12 weeks Tug-of-War training

目的：本研究探討十二週拔河訓練對國小男童體型、肌力、瞬發力與血壓之影響。方法：以高雄市佛公國小五年級志願參加拔河訓練男童18人為訓練組，另從其餘五年級六個班級中，隨機抽取18人為控制組，受試者平均年齡11.0±0.6歲、身高145.4±7.7公分、體重44.1±11.6公斤。訓練組進行每週五天，持續12週的拔河訓練，控制組則維持原本生活型態。訓練前、後測量受試者的體型（身高、體重、手臂長、腿長、臂圍、腿圍、胸圍）；七部位皮脂肪厚度；肌力（握力、背肌力）；瞬發力（立定跳遠）；安靜血壓值等。以共變數分析考驗訓練前、後測成績之差異性。結果：發現訓練組的上臂圍（27.0vs.26.4公分）、胸圍（80.6vs.79.2公分）均顯著高於控制組（p<.05）；小腿內前側皮脂厚（15.6vs19.0毫米）顯著低於控制組（p<.05），但其他測試變項並未達到顯著改變效果。在肌力的訓練效果，訓練組的握力（19.8vs.18.1公斤）、背肌力（53.2vs.48.3公斤）均顯著高於控制組（p<.05），在瞬發力立定跳遠成績（1.48vs.1.38公尺）亦顯著高於控制組（p<.05），收縮壓（101.9vs108.8毫米汞柱）則顯著低於控制組（p<.05）。結論：十二週拔河訓練會顯著增加國小男童之上臂圍與胸圍，並顯著降低小腿內前側皮脂厚，但其他身體肢圍、肢段長、其他部位皮脂厚及全身體脂肪百分比並無顯著改變，另外對受試者的握力、背肌力與立定跳遠成績與血壓也均有改善的效果，所以本研究之訓練內容對國小男童是有益無害的。

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect on anthropometry, strength, power, and blood pressure in elementary school boy students after of 12 weeks Tug-of-War training. Methods: All subjects (aged 11.0±0.6 years, height 145.4±7.7 cm, weight 44.1±11.6 kg) were recruited from Grade 5 in Fo-kong primary school in Kaohsiung. Group T (training group) included eighteen boy students who volunteered to join the Tug-of-War training, and Group C (control group) included eighteen boy students who were randomly selected from six classes. The Tug-of-War training program was performed 35 minutes per time, 9 times per week during 12 weeks. Blood pressure, arm length, leg length, arm circumference, forearm circumference, chest circumference, height, weight, seven positions of skinfolds, grip strength, back strength, and standing long jump were measured in all subjects before and after 12 weeks training. The data was analyzed by one-way ANCOVA to examine any change after 12-weeks training. Results: The result showed that group T was significant higher than Group C (p< .05) in arm circumference (27.0 vs. 26.4 cm), chest circumference (80.6 vs. 79.2 cm), grip strength (19.8 vs. 18.1 kg), back strength (53.2 vs. 48.3 kg), standing long jump (1.48 vs. 1.38 m), and lower than group C (p< .05) in calf skinfold (15.6 vs. 19.0 mm), systolic blood pressure (101.9 vs. 108.8 mmHg) but no significant difference in the others. Conclusion: We concluded that 12 weeks Tug-of-War training could reduce the blood pressure, calf skinfold and increase arm, chest circumference, the grip strength, back strength and standing long jump, but couldn't change the other anthropometry on elementary school boy students. It is safe to attend this Tug-of-War training program for elementary school boy students.