台灣地區國民小學教師健康與體育學習領域教學實踐之研究

A Study of Teaching Practice of Health and Physical Education Learning Field for the Elementary School Teachers in Taiwan

目的：本研究主要是探討不同背景變項的國民小學教師，在健康與體育學習領域教學實踐的差異情形。方法：本研究以性別、教學年資、專業背景、最高學歷、任教職務、任教年級、任教地區及研習進修為背景變項，研究對象為臺、澎、金、馬地區國小教師，本研究以自編的國民小學健康與體育學習領域教師教學實踐量表為工具，採取分層隨機叢集抽樣的方式，發出2100份問卷，有效問卷共842份，資料處理以MANOVA統計方法分析不同背景變項教師教學實踐的差異情形。結果：男性教師教學實踐大於女性教師；年資高的教學實踐較資淺教師為佳；體育衛教科系背景教師的教學實踐高於非體育衛教專業背景教師；科任教師教學實踐高於級任教師；一二三年級教師在教學準備實踐高於四五六年級教師；健康與體育學習領域進修研習愈多者，其教學實踐程度也愈高。另外，本研究發現教師不因學歷高低、任教地區之不同而有差異存在。結論：國小健康與體育學習領域教學實踐受教師不同背景變項因素的影響，而有差異存在。本研究最後提出建言，作為九年一貫健康與體育學習領域課程實施之參考。

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper was to understand the distinction of teaching practice for the health and physical education learning field in the elementary schools. Methods: This study used gender, teaching years, professional background, the highest educational degree, teaching official duty, teaching grade, teaching area and further learning as the background variables to understand the discrepancy of teacher's background variables in teaching practice dimension. The participants included teachers from the elementary schools in the districts of Taiwan, Pescadore, Quemoy and Matsu. It adopted a self-designed questionnaire as the measurement tool. Both stratified random sampling and cluster sampling were used to sample 2100 teachers in the above four districts. Eight hundred and forty-two questionnaires were returned. Finally, the 842 questionnaires were validly returned. The data were analyzed by statistic method of MANOVA. Results: Male teachers were higher than female teachers in teaching practice. The more teaching years teachers were higher than less teaching year teacher. physical education and health professional department teachers were higher than general teachers. The physical education and health teaching duty teachers were higher than classroom teachers. The low grade teachers were higher than high grade teacher for teaching preparation. The continuing learning teachers were higher than non-continuing learning teacher. Conclusion: The teaching practices of health and physical education learning field were influenced by teachers' background variables, and they were significant differences among teachers' different background variables in the elementary school. Finally, based on the results of this study, researcher provided some recommendations in the health and physical education learning field as the references for future curriculum practice.