輪椅籃球選手運動目標取向與自覺能力對競賽壓力因應策略之影響

The Investigation of Goal Orientation, Perceived Ability to Coping Strategies for Competitive Stress among Wheelchair Basketball Players

本研究之目的為（一）探討運動目標取向及自覺能力與因應策略之相關。（二）探討不同運動目標取向與自覺能力對因應策略之影響。受試者為國內四支輪椅籃球隊之選手，平均年齡為29.84±7.69歲，平均球齡為10.35±5.23年，共計95人。受試者在非比賽期間填寫「運動目標取向量表」、「自覺能力量表」與「因應競賽壓力策略量表」。所得資料分別以皮爾遜積差相關及二因子變異數分析進行統計分析。結果發現：（一）工作取向與針對情緒及針對問題呈正相關，但與逃避呈負相關；而自覺能力亦與逃避呈負相關。（二）運動目標取向與自覺能力在因應策略中均無顯著交互作用，但運動目標取向在「針對問題」與「針對情緒」上有主要效果存在，而自覺能力則在「逃避」上有主要效果存在。

The purpose of this study was two-fold. First, to examine the relationships of goal orientation, perceived ability and coping strategies. Second, to investigate the effects of wheelchair basketball players' goal orientation and perceived ability on coping strategies. The subjects were chosen from 95 participants in 4 wheelchair basketball teams. Their average age and experience in playing wheelchair basketball were 29.84±7.69 and 10.35±5.23 years respectively. The demographic data, the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire, Perceived Ability Scale and Coping Strategies Scale for Competitive Stress were completed by all subjects on non-competition period. The collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and independent sample two-way ANOVA. The results indicated: (1) Task orientation were positively related to 'problem- focus' and 'emotion-focus' coping strategies, but negatively related to 'avoidance' coping strategies. On the other hand, perceived ability was negatively related to 'avoidance' coping strategies. (2) Goal orientation and perceived ability did not interactively affect 'problem-focus', 'emotion-focus' and 'avoidance' coping strategies. Goal orientation had main effect on 'problem-focus' and 'emotion-focus' coping strategies and perceived ability had main effect on 'avoidance' coping strategies.