護理人員的工作壓力、倦怠及離職意願之相關探討

Associations between Nurses' Job Stress, Fatigue, and Intention to Leave

本研究的主要目的在探討護理人員的工作壓力及倦怠對離職意願的影響。研究採橫斷式研究設計，共召募某區域醫院護理人員200名參與研究。使用問卷包括「台灣醫院護理人員壓力量表」、「離職意願量表」、及自覺倦怠程度。以描述性統計、單因子變異分析、無母數統計分析、相關及迴歸做資料分析。研究結果發現護理人員感受中等程度的工作壓力及過半數以上護理人員覺得倦怠，不過，這些問題對生活的影響程度並不大。整體而言，在內外科及急重症單位工作，及三班不固定的護理人員感受較大的工作壓力及倦怠程度，也有較高的離職想法，至於離職的原因則以工作負荷過大、身體無法負荷及無法照顧家庭較常被關切。由此研究結果，建議醫院相關人員與單位，在安排護理人力及排班時，能多方考慮單位特性及護理人員生理狀況。另外，護理人員常感受倦怠症狀，更需要予以關懷與處理。

The main purpose of this study was to explore the influences of nurses' job stress and fatigue on their intention to leave jobs. The study used a cross-sectional research design. Two-hundred nurses working in a local hospital participated in the study. The Taiwanese Hospital Nurse Job Stress Scale, Intention to Leave Scale, and self-perceived fatigue were used. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis test, correlation, and regression were applied to analyze the collected data. Results showed that nurses perceived medium level of job stress and over half of nurses felt fatigued. However, the fatigue did not influence their daily lives. Overall, those who worked in medical/surgical units and those whose work shift schedule was not fixed perceived higher level of job stress and fatigue, and higher intention to leave current job. The most considered reasons of leaving current job were work overload, physical overload, and unable to take care of family. Based on the research results, we recommend that when arranging nurses' work schedule and duties, administrative personnel consider floor characteristics and physical conditions of nurses. Nurses' fatigue condition needs to be cared for and managed as well.