氣切照護管理運用在呼吸器依賴病人的文獻評析

The Management and Utilization of Tracheostomy Care for Ventilator-dependent Patients - A Literature Review

由於風俗民情、文化背景及醫療制度的不同，國人接受氣切的比率比其他國家較低，接受氣切時間也比其他國家較晚。但對呼吸器依賴病人的照護過程中，病人對於氣切的需要性，以及氣切後在呼吸器脫離及照護品質上，應是醫療團隊共同關注的議題，各醫療團隊成員也需扮演其不同的角色共同合作。對於病人氣切的照護問題除了過程面，結果面也是一重要指標。本文藉由文獻回顧，探討氣切對呼吸器脫離的影響，以及醫療照護專業人員可提供的介入措施，甚而運用團隊合作方式，讓病人及家屬有正確的氣切觀念，進而對氣切病人的未來照護，能提供更好的照護品質。

Due to the differences of customs and traditions, cultural backgrounds, and medical care systems, the rate of the patients in Taiwan undergoing tracheostomy is lower than that in foreign countries; meanwhile, the timing of patients' approval on the tracheostomy in Taiwan is not as early as that in foreign countries as well. Nevertheless, in the process of the care of ventilator-dependent patients, it is believed that it takes teamwork to decide whether they should undergo tracheostomy and whether it will actually influence ventilator weaning and the health care quality; hence, every member of the medical personnel plays an important part in it. To sum up, through reviewing in the literature, we can learn the influence of tracheostomy on weaning, and whether we can provide interventions in care. Moreover, through teamwork, we can provide patients and their families with proper concepts of tracheostomy and will be able to offer better health care quality to tracheostomy patients.