台灣發明家的習慣領域剖析之質性研究

Qualitative Research on the Habitual Domains of Taiwanese Inventors

發明家是指創造或發現新設備或新方法的人，而這些新的創造與發現往往推動著社會的發展和進步，因此本研究的目的在於剖析與探究台灣發明家的習慣領域為何？台灣發明家在發明上的習慣領域實際內涵與習慣領域理論內涵的異同之處為何？本研究的研究方法採用質性研究法之參與觀察法和深度訪談法，研究初期先以立意取樣方式，選取具代表性的台灣發明家4人為研究參與者，進而透過一同參與第62屆德國紐倫堡國際發明展競賽活動過程，於活動進行期間進行參與觀察並與之建立關係後，進而實施深度訪談3至5次，每次訪談後將深度訪談資料轉錄為文字資料，隨即進行質性資料之歸納分析與比較。本研究結果發現台灣發明家的習慣領域存在有個別間差異，其應用在發明上的行為通性與習慣領域的八大行為通性有部份相通之處，而其習慣領域的可達領域較一般常人廣闊且多具有創思想法。此外也由研究資料中歸納發現台灣發明家有應用到部份習慣領域理論的光明心態與擴展原理以從事其發明工作。

An inventor refers to someone who finds new devices or methods. The new inventions or discoveries tend to help spur social development and advancement. Therefore， this research is aimed to scrutinize and probe into the habitual domains of inventors in Taiwan， and to understand the comparisons of the actual content and the theory of habitual domains. Two qualitative research techniques， participant observation and in-depth interview， are employed in this research. At first， four representative Taiwanese inventors were selected as participants through purpose sampling， and based on the relationship built with them during the 62nd International Trade Fair ＂Ideas-Inventions-New Products＂ in Nuremberg， German， 3 to 5 in-depth interviews were done with them. After each interview， the interview data was transferred to a text document for the following qualitative data analysis and comparison.The results of this research suggest that individual differences exist in the habitual domains of Taiwanese inventors， and the generality of behavior in the domains with which they are familiar share a certain amount of common ground with that of the eight common behavior tendencies of habitual domains. The habitual domains of Taiwanese inventors tend to be more multi-dimensional and creative than those of the general public. Also， it can be concluded from the research data that Taiwanese inventors， to certain degree， work on their invention with self-perpetuating operators and basic methods for expansion of habitual domains.