資訊通訊科技與地理群聚對供應鏈關係品質之研究：探討產品模組化的調節效果

The Impact of Information and Communication Technology and Geographic Clustering on Supply Chain Relationship Quality: The Moderating Effect of Product Modularity

在今日高度動態與競爭的環境中，廠商必需面對產品生命週期縮短、產品發展成本增加、產品的多樣化與客製化的挑戰。增進與供應鏈夥伴的關係及產品結構模組化設計等策略性決策已廣泛被廠商運用來因應此議題；廠商運用電子化媒介及地理群聚來與供應商及客戶主動、溝通以促進供應鏈關係品質的提昇。然而，較少有研究探討產品模組化對供應鏈關係品質的調節效果；因此本研究主要探討資訊通訊科技及地理群聚是否對供應鏈關係品質的提昇有直接效果與交互效果，並探討是否受到產品模組化調節效果的影響。以台灣製造業廠商為研究對象，共計發放1156份問卷，回收274份有效問卷；本研究所提出之研究架構及假設利用驗證性因素分析、集群分析、Scheffé檢定及階層迴歸分析，並使用LISREL 8.7及SPSS 13等軟體進行驗證與檢定。研究結果顯示資訊通訊科技及地理群聚對供應鏈關係品質都呈現正向的顯著關係，並且彼此有正向交互作用，此外資訊通訊科技較地理群聚對供應鏈關係品質的影響程度為大。而廠商地理群聚對供應鏈夥伴間關係品質的影響程度隨產品模組化程度增加而下降，產品模組化調節效果呈顯著關係，研究結果相當支持本研究所提出之概念化模式。本模式以台灣製造業廠商為背景，提供企業在產品模組不同程度下，資訊通訊科技與地理群聚影響供應鏈關係品質的有效參考。

In today's highly dynamic and competitive environment, manufacturers have to cope with short product life cycles and rapidly increasing development costs, high variety and customization of product. The quality of the supply chain relationship and the notion of modularity in product architecture have been widely suggested as strategic decisions to deal with this issue. Manufacturers facilitate the supply chain relationships by electronically mediated interactions with suppliers and customers and geographic clustering. However, few studies have focused on the moderating effect of product modularity on supply chain relationship quality. Focusing on the relationship quality of supply chains in manufacturing firms, this report investigates if information and communication technology (lCT) and geographic clustering have impacts on supply chain relationship quality and whether or not the product modularity moderates these relationships. A total of 1156 questionnaires were dispatched to manufacturing companies in Taiwan and 274 valid questionnaires were obtained. The model and hypothesized relationship are empirically tested using the CFA、Cluster Analysis、Hierarchical Regression Analyses and Scheffé test, supported by LISREL 8.7 and SPSS 13 software. The empirical results support the main effects of ICT and geographic clustering on supply chain relationship quality. Besides, the moderating effect of product modularity on the geographic clustering-supply chain relationship quality is supported. Investing in ICT is found to be favorable over geographic clustering for supply chain relationship quality. Moreover, ICT and geographic clustering strengthen each other. The results of this study provide considerable support for our conceptual model. In the future, the findings of the study can supply effective reference to take advantage of the proper ICT and geographic clustering to enhance supply chain relationship quality under different degrees of product modularity.