軟體盜版因素之研究：臺灣與美國學生之跨國比較

A Cross-Cultural Study on the Determinants of Software Piracy

軟體盜版猖獗的情況已嚴重影響到軟體開發業者與資訊科技智慧財產權的發展，因此我們有需要瞭解影響使用盜版軟體之可能因素與程度。本研究經由蒐集相關文獻，分析整理出可能影響軟體盜版之態度與意圖的因素；然後針對台灣與美國兩地學生的進行資料蒐集，以了解軟體盜版成因的差異性，選擇大學生為主要研究對象乃基於學生對於軟體使用之需求程度較高。本研究結果發現，無論在台灣或美國，軟體價格與軟體內容均對於學生使用軟體盜版之態度有顯著的影響力。在台灣，科技發展與個人電腦專業知識對於軟體盜版態度有顯著影響，但在美國的影響則不顯著。另外，台美二地學生的家庭經濟情況對軟體盜版態度都有相當程度的影響，然而影響的方向卻不相同。最後，軟體盜版態度、道德價值、以及同儕壓力等因素，都對軟體盜版意圖有顯著的影響，而組織氣候則沒有顯著的影響力。本研究結果對於台美二地的政府單位、企業、軟體廠商、和學術研究人員等都具有一定的參考價值。

The pervasiveness of software piracy throughout the world is having a profound effect on software publishing industry and the development of digital intellectual properties and technology. To reduce the significant losses due to piracy, it is crucial to identify the factors that lead to the illegal use of software and its causal model. This research is then to compare the model's difference between Taiwan and American college students. The study found that the price and the content of the software had direct effects on student's attitude forward piracy in both countries. In addition, the information technology and computer literacy also had significant impact on the attitude for Taiwan students while the impact was insignificant for American students. We also found that household income had positive influence on the attitude for Taiwan students, but the impact was reversed for American students. Piracy attitude, individual ethical value and peer pressure all had significant effects on piracy intention, but the impact of organizational climate was not clear. Moreover, the piracy intention of Taiwan students was influenced by laws but the piracy intention of American students was influenced by school ethical codes instead. Finally, implications from the findings are also discussed.