少年司法安置輔導成效之內容分析與反思

Connotation and Effectiveness of Residential Placement with Juvenile Offenders: An overview of Content Analysis

本文主要目的係檢視少年法院交付安置輔導之實施內涵與成效，透過內容分析方法，檢視國內32篇安置輔導之實證文獻，並從交付對象、理論基礎、服務指標、實務策略、結束安置、影響安置成效的因素、委託契約、照顧者的自我覺察、服務品質及輔導成效等10個面向進行分析。根據目前文獻結果顯示台灣少年法院交付安置輔導的內涵與成效，大多數呈現肯定的結論，不過這個正向成效表現仍需要建立在若干基礎上面，除了評估少年在安置輔導期間的行為表現、身心健康發展狀況外，當安置期間期滿預備離開安置輔導機構，復歸社區後的社會適應、再犯率皆是評估的關鍵。最後，建議服務內涵部分：1.檢視服務輸送，深化安置輔導服務品質；2•重視安置照顧者的自我覺察；3.善用多元實務策略，提升個案安置適應。成效評估部分：1.法院裁定安置輔導處分能夠建立一套完整的評估機制；2.透過以證據為本，測量轉向安置輔導成效；3.強化評估性研究在安置輔導服務中的重要性。

The purpose of this study was to review the Chinese literatures about connotation and effectiveness of residential care with young offenders. The content analysis method was conducted to collect from 32 literatures in Taiwan. The results revealed 10 types of issues, including: targets, theories, the service indicators, strategy of practice, end of placement, influencing factors of effectiveness, contracts, self-awareness, service qualities, and effectiveness. Most literatures showed the residential placement with juvenile offenders is effective. This success was based on young offenders' positive achievement , physical and mental health in care. Social adaptation and the recidivism rate of young offenders are key indicators to evaluate the guidance effectiveness after leaving residential placement. Lastly, there were some suggestions for future practice, including: (1) improve the service quality of residential care; (2) emphasis on caregiver's self-awareness; (3) use the multi-strategies of practice; (4) build the evaluation method on effectiveness of residential care; (5) construct the evidence-based practice; (6) emphasize the importance of program evaluation in the residential placement.