「臺灣光復致敬團」的任務及其影響

Mission and Influence of 'Taiwanese Retrocession Tribute Group'

臺灣光復致敬團是1946年3月中國國民黨臺灣省黨部執行委員、監察委員丘念台，有鑒於戰後臺灣對中央的疏隔，臺人對臺灣政治的失望，為了促進雙方的理解，乃籌組臺灣光復謝恩團（後改為臺灣光復致敬團）希望有效地化解雙方間的隔閡。由於籌備、募款都不順利，加上行政長官陳儀在8月該團即將出發之際予以阻撓，使該團是否完成其任務增添了變數。本文利用臺灣光復致敬團代表團團員林獻堂、葉榮鐘、李建興的日記，丘念台的回憶錄，張吉甫的片斷紀錄，加上當時報紙的報導，來探討臺灣光復致敬團是否達成了三項主要的目標：一、謁拜中山陵；二、向蔣主席及中央各首長致敬並寄贈捐款給國軍將士遺族；三、祭拜黃陵；對往後臺灣的政局有否產生重要的影響？參加團員的代表性又如何？雖然團員原想要「陳情」中央，希望對臺灣政局有所改善，最終卻只能參觀旅行和「致敬」，不過團員卻也利用這次得來不易的機會表達臺灣人的立場，發表對懲治臺人「漢奸」的意見，有助於促進中央對臺灣的瞭解。

The 'Taiwanese Retrocession Tribute Group' (臺灣光復致敬團) was founded in 1946 by Qiu Niantai (丘念台), Lin Hsientang (林獻堂) and eight other members. They set out for the Mainland on August 27th of that year and returned to Taiwan on October 5th. The principal goal of this trip was to promote mutual understanding between Taiwan and the Mainland. They also wished to restore their status as members of the Chinese nation by paying homage to the tombs of Dr. Sun Yat-sen (孫逸仙) and the Yellow Emperor (黃帝). In addition, they expressed their compliance with the central Chinese rule by showing respects to Chiang Kai-shek (蔣介石) and other senior government officials. However, the preparations for this trip were hastily done and fund-raising did not go smoothly. On top of these, the Governor General of Taiwan, Chen Yi (陳儀), imposed many obstacles right when the group was about to set off. In view of the difficulties they faced, whether the delegation could accomplish their mission remained doubtful. With reference to the daily journals of the group members, memoirs, as well as the newspapers and journals of that era, this paper probed into the experiences of the delegation and their subsequent influence. It is especially worth noting that the group had originally wished to make use of this opportunity to appeal to the Nationalist Government for improving the political situation in Taiwan. Nevertheless, the delegation achieved nothing more than paying tribute to the central authority in the Mainland.