臺北帝國大學與京城帝國大學史學科之比較（1926－1945）

Comparison of History Courses Offered at Taihoku Imperial University and Kejyo Imperial University (1926-1945)

日本殖民統治臺灣與朝鮮之後，分別在臺灣設立臺北帝國大學、在朝鮮成立京城帝國大學，兩個殖民地大學皆設有史學科。日本大學史學科國史學、東洋史學、西洋史學三個分科的型態，移植至殖民地後產生了些微變化，殖民地臺灣的臺北帝國大學改西洋史學為「南洋史學」；殖民地朝鮮的京城帝國大學則以「朝鮮史學」取代西洋史學。臺北帝國大學史學科南洋史學講座曾先後開設南洋史概說、荷蘭語、西班牙語、日本與南洋各國的歷史關係、歐洲人的南洋發展、臺灣史，以及南洋史專書講讀等課程。17年間（1928～1945），先後有村上直次郎、岩生成一、箭內健次等人任教。培養學生約62名，但僅有柯設階、張樑標2名臺籍學生，惟兩人並未持續從事臺灣史、南洋史相關研究。京城帝國大學史學科設有朝鮮史學2講座，曾先後開設朝鮮史學史、朝鮮歷史地理、新羅王朝史、高麗時代史、李氏朝鮮時代史，以及朝鮮史專書講讀等課程。19年間（1926～1945），先後有今西龍、小田省吾、藤田亮策、末松保和等人任教。培養學生約121名，其中朝鮮籍40名，大約占1／3，其中有多人持續從事朝鮮史相關研究，且成果豐碩。要之，臺北帝國大學史學科的講座設置、師資聘任、學生數皆少於京城帝國大學史學科。戰後，日治時期臺北帝國大學留下來的荷、西時期臺灣史轉為中國史研究的附庸，南洋史研究則幾乎完全消失，臺灣大學歷史系轉以中國研究為主；反觀韓國史學則是承繼戰前3分科之遺緒，韓國史、韓中關係史乃至於中國史研究量多質高。

During the Japanese colonial era, the Taihoku Imperial University was established in Taiwan and the Kejyo Imperial University, in Chaoxian. These two colonial universities both offered history courses. The history courses taught at Japanese universities comprised three areas, namely the history of Japan, the East and the West. However, when such history courses were offered in colonial universities, there were some changes made. The Taihoku Imperial University in Taiwan changed the course History of the West into History of Nanyang; while the Keiyo Imperial University in Chaoxian replaced the course History of the West with History of Chaoxian. The lectures on History of Nanyang given at Taihoku Imperial University used to include Introduction to History of Nanyang, the learning of Dutch and Spanish languages, the Historical Relations between Japan and other countries of Nanyang, the Development of Europeans in Nanyang, the History of Taiwan and the Study of Books Specialized in Nanyang History. Over a period of 17 years (1928-1945), the faculty members included Iwao Seiiti, Yanai Kenji and Murakami Naojiro. There were 62 graduates, but only two, She-jie Ke and Liang-biao Zhang, were Taiwanese. Upon graduation, neither of them pursued further in related studies. On the other hand, at the Kejyo Imperial University, there were also lectures on History of Chaoxian such as Historiography of Chaoxian, Historical Geography of Chaoxian, History of Xinluo, History of Gaoli, History of Chaoxian in Li Period and the Study of Books Specialized in Chaoxian History. Over a period of 19 years (1926-1945), the faculty members included Imanisi Ryu, Oda Syogo, Hujita Ryosaku and Suematu Yasukazu. Among 121 graduates, one-third (around 40 graduates) were from Chaoxian. Many of them continued research in fields related to History of Chaoxian, and made remarkable achievements. In sum, the number of courses, the size of the faculty and the student population at the Taihoku Imperial University were all smaller than those of the Kejyo Imperial University. After World War II, the course on History of Nanyang was discontinued at the National Taiwan University while the course on the History of Taiwan under Dutch and Spanish rule was replaced by History of China, which has become the focus of research. Compared with Taiwan, Korea continued their research on history of Chaoxian with no interruption. Hence, Korea's achievement in the research on History of Korea, History of Sino-Korean Relations, and History of China was noteworthy in terms of both high quality and large quantity.