殖民地統治法與內地統治法之比較：以日本帝國在朝鮮與臺灣的地方制度為中心的討論

A Comparative Study of the Legal Systems of Imperial Japan:The Local Systems in Japan, Korea and Taiwan

本研究係以1929年日本國內的地方制度改革、1930年朝鮮的地方制度改革，以及1935年臺灣的地方制度改革為中心，就上述三地居民統合（亦即國民統合的實際情況）加以比較檢討，並究明日本帝國國民統合之基本實況。本人設定，日本帝國係以1929年國內地方制度改革的國民統合為主軸，進而分別在殖民地施行1930年朝鮮的地方制度改革與1935年臺灣的地方制度改革，並透過權宜主義式（譯按：原文作「御都合主義」）的內地（法）延長主義及具有差別性的同化主義而展開國民統合，以因應戰時體制，而實施國民統合。這應該可以視為「重疊式的國民統合」。由是，日本帝國得以就上述三地的地方制度改革為中心，進行法西斯式統治體制的全體改造。再者，本文大膽假設，殖民地朝鮮和臺灣較日本國內早一步進入戰時體制、臨戰體制。不論是1930年朝鮮的地方制度改革為1935年臺灣的地方制度改革，其「自治」均受到極端限制，因此可以視為戰爭極激烈之際日本國內1943年地方制度改正之先例。

This paper compares and analyzes the crux of national integration in Imperial Japan, with specific attention addressed to the reforms of the local system carried out in Japan proper(1929)and its two major colonies, Korea(1930)and Taiwan(1935). Essentially, I argue that it was the reform of the local government carried out by the government of Japan that shaped the empire-wide national intergration during the war；and that the main coutributing factor for the empire intergration in Korea and Taiwan was the local reforms carried out in 1930 and 1935 respectively. The local systems in the two colonies were by and large an extension of that in Japan proper, and national integration was based on a discriminatory assimilation policy. In this sense, I contend that the Japanese Empire reorganized the government comprehen-sively into a fascist regime, and that the kye to this process lays in the reform of the three local systems.