膳食補充完全黃豆蛋白及高纖維營養補充品改善年長糖尿病患者血糖之效果

The Effect of Oral Supplement with Soy Protein and Higher Dietary Fiber on Glycemic Control in Diabetes Patients

台灣地區年長者糖尿病盛行率逐年上升。先前文獻資料提出補充膳食纖維或部份取代黃豆蛋白之營養補充劑有助於改善糖尿病患者血糖。但是少有研究探討高纖維加上完全黃豆蛋白對於血糖的影響。目的：本研究欲探討完全黃豆蛋白、高纖維營養補充品是否可以有益於年長糖尿病患者血糖控制。材料與方法：受試者為年滿65 歲的新北市安養中心住民，經醫師診斷或依美國糖尿病學會定義為糖尿病患者。共計30 名完成本研究。研究設計為單一實驗組的時間序列研究，研究包括1 個月追縱期及3 個月介入期。於介入期間，每天提供受試者2 次，共計500 大卡、18 克黃豆蛋白、25 克膳食纖維之營養補充劑取代2次點心。結果：依受試者糖化血色素（hemoglobin A1c， HbA1c）值7%分組，於試驗營養補充品介入3 個月之後，HbA1c 7%組受試者，HbA1c 顯著降低（8.4 ± 1.4% vs. 7.5 ± 1.5%， < 0.01）。結論：本研究結果得，血糖偏高的年長糖尿病患者攝取完全黃豆蛋白、高纖維營養補充品3 個月，達顯著改善血糖狀況之效果。

The prevalence of diabetes has been increasing in elderly populations in Taiwan. This systematic review suggests that supplementation with dietary fiber or partial replacement with oral supplements of soy protein could reduce blood glucose in diabetic patients. However, few papers have documented the effect of oral supplements with soy protein and high dietary fiber in elderly diabetic patients. In this study, we hypothesized that oral supplementation with soy protein and high dietary fiber may be beneficial to glycemic control in elderly diabetic patients. Thirty nursing home residents aged 65 years and older were recruited. All participants had been diagnosed with diabetes or met the American Diabetes Association criteria for diabetes screening. This was a 4-month prospective study, which included a 3-month intervention period and a 1-month follow-up period. During the intervention period, an oral supplement was incorporated into the patients' diet to replace 2 snacks a day. The oral supplement provided 500 kcal of energy, 18 g of soy protein, and 25 g of dietary fiber per day. After the intervention, the hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level of participants who previously had HbA1c levels of 7% were significantly reduced (8.4% ± 1.4% vs. 7.5% ± 1.5%, < 0.01). In conclusion, taking oral supplements with soy protein and dietary fiber for 3 months can lower the HbA1c level of elderly diabetic patients with higher glucose levels.