科學教育與通識教育關係之歷史透視

The Relationship between Science Education and General Education: Historical Analysis

通識教育由人文教育和科學教育兩大元素組成。通過歷史的考查可以看出，科學教育與通識教育之間存在密不可分的關係。通識教育中的科學教育與人文教育的關係在東西方非常不同，西方的人文精神有助於科學素養的培養，我國以儒家思想為代表的傳統人文精神有助於限制科學的負面作用，卻不利於科學素養的培養。因此，我國通識教育內容應該重視發掘以墨子、荀子等為代表的中國經典科學文獻，幫助學生在民族文化中尋找科學文化之源，建立科學文化的民族認同，從而構建和諧一致的教育理念。

General education is composed of science education and humanity education. Through examining its origin and evolutionary history, it is revealed that science education has intrinsic connections with general education. The relationship between science education and humanity education, however, is substantially different between the west and the east. Western humanity is in harmonious with scientific spirit, whereas Eastern humanity can help to overcome the negative impacts of science and technology on societies. Therefore, it is suggested that the present general education reform in China pay attention to the exploration of the ancient Chinese scientific classics such as Mo Zi and Xun Zi so as to help students to identify science roots in the Chinese culture and thus to built up their scientific identity from their own culture. As a consequence, a harmonious educational ideal for Chinese students can be formed.