飛航管制員工作疲勞之影響因素

The Factor of Work Fatigue for Air Traffic Controller

飛航管制員在航機的飛航操作時是除了駕駛員以外，直接提供其安全相關資訊的人員，在服務航機的過程中，其身心所呈現的狀況對其工作表現有著直接的影響。飛航管制員因為全年無休的工作特性，必須24小時輪班，飛航管制員經常必須早起晚睡，又必須輪值夜班，生理節律紊亂與睡眠剝奪容易使飛航管制員產生睡眠不足與身心疲勞。本研究對臺北區域管制中心與臺北近場管制塔臺的輪班飛航管制員進行問卷調查，並對資料進行統計分析，發現飛航管制員的疲勞經歷多為因輪調工作特性所產生之生理疲勞，較年輕者承受性較高，臺北區域管制中心飛航管制員對影響工作疲勞因素中的組織環境與個人因素認知差異性較臺北近場管制塔臺飛航管制員大。

Air traffic controllers (ATCs) provide airlines pilots with safety-related flying information during the flights. ATCs, physical and mental status has a direct impact on their work performances. ATCs provide all-year round services and work around the clock on rotating shifts. Frequent getting up early, staying up late, and working night shifts make ATCs have insufficient sleep and physical and mental fatigue. This research studies the factors result in ATC work fatigue by surveying ATCs of the Taipei Area Control Center and the Taipei Approach Control with questionnaires. The results show that ATCs, physical fatigue was mainly caused by their rotating shift work characteristics and the younger ATCs had higher tolerability for physical work fatigue. Furthermore, ATCs of the Taipei Area Control Center perceived higher degree of fatigue impacts from their organizational and personal factors than ATCs of the Taipei Approach Control.