航運公司租櫃調度模式之研究

A Study of Leasing Reposition Model for Liner Shipping Company

由於全球貨櫃有四成多為租賃貨櫃，讓航運公司的租櫃政策成為相當重要的決策。過去提到租櫃的文獻皆以貨櫃調度為主，無法充分表達租櫃的特性，本研究提出四種在不同情形下調整租櫃數量的方法，明確分類出自有櫃、長租櫃與短租櫃的數量與成本考量，納入模式時間項的比較、長租櫃提前退租違約金簽定的考量、與不同市場需求的比較下，找出航商較理想之租櫃結構。本研究結果對航運公司租櫃政策提出在不同情形下長租櫃與短租櫃的數量配置建議，同時提供定期航商在貨櫃租用政策時調整租櫃數量與簽約的參考依據。

More than 40% containers globally are obtained by liner shipping companies via leasing contracts. This study proposes the optimizations of adjusting the quantities of self-owned, long-term leasing and short-term leasing containers under the four scenarios which consider time factor, the default penalty of long-term leasing containers and market demand. The results provide liner shipping companies the optimal repositions of long-term leasing containers and short-term leasing containers under these scenarios. Some suggestions upon the quantities and contract signing of container leases are also provided in the end.