論WTO權利保護規則的最佳設計－－基於卡拉布雷西和梅拉米德理論框架的分析

The Optimal Design of Rules Protecting WTO Entitlements — From the Perspective of Calabresi and Melamed's Theoretical Framework

卡拉布雷西和梅拉米德分析了財產規則、責任規則和不可讓與規則在決定不同權利發生衝突時起到的作用。他們所建立的理論框架被證明是有助於整合傳統上在不同學科領域分析的各類法律關係的。本文旨在適用該框架來論述根據WTO授予的權利之可能保護方式。WTO大多數協定不止包含一種權利，為設計最優的規則保護WTO權利，有必要從以協定為中心轉換到以權利為中心的視角來理解WTO契約，並以混合規則保護WTO權利。

Calabresi and Melamed analyzed the roles of property rules, liability rules and inalienability rules in deciding conflicts between different entitlements. The theoretical framework they established has proved useful in integrating various legal relationships which are traditionally analyzed in separate subject areas. This article aims to apply the framework to discuss the possible ways of protecting entitlements under the WTO. Most agreements in the WTO contain more than one entitlement, in order to design optimal rules for the protection of WTO entitlements, it is necessary to shift from an agreementcentric view to an entitle mentcentric view to understand WTO contract, and protect WTO entitlements with mixed rules.