國小學童對身心障礙同儕接納態度及其改變之研究－－讀書會方案之實施成效

Research on the Attitude of the Regular Elementary School Students Toward Their Peers with Disabilities- Effects of a Reading Group Program on Increasing Acceptance

本研究旨在探討國小普通班學生對身心障礙同儕的接納態度，並進一步檢驗「認識身心障礙學生讀書會方案」在提升其接納態度之成效。研究對象為彰化縣某國小五、六年級學生，首先進行「國小學童對身心障礙同儕接納態度量表」的施測與分析，其次則依施測結果選出分數低於總分75％之30位學生，分成實驗組與控制組。實驗組成員參與每週一次，每次二小時的讀書會活動，而控制組則不接受處理，實驗結果以相依樣本的t考驗分析。另外，以活動討論單、讀後心得檢核表、活動回饋表、活動後訪談題綱，輔以活動實錄及研究者的觀察，進行質的分析。主要研究結果如下：（一）國小普通班學生對於身心障礙同儕的接納態度傾向於正向、積極；（二）國小普通班學生對身心障礙同儕之接納態度，因性別、年級、接觸經驗不同而有差異；（三）參與「認識身心障礙學生讀書會方案」的學生對其身心障礙同儕接納態度的提升程度顯著高於控制組的學生；以及（四）從回饋資料可知，讀書會活動得到正面的評價。研究者最後根據研究結果，分別針對學校、教師及未來研究提出具體改進建議。

The purposes of this study were to examine the attitude of the regular elementary school students toward their peers with disabilities, and to promote their acceptance by implementing a reading group program. Students of the fifth and the sixth grades from an Elementary School in Changhua County participated in this study. This study, at first, examined attitude of the ordinary students toward their peers with disabilities. According to the results, 30 students whose attitude scores were below 75％ of all examinees were assigned to the experiment and the control groups. Students of the experiment group participated in a reading group program once a week. Data of the group process and students' attitude after the experiment were also collected. The results are as follows:(1) The attitude of the regular elementary school students toward their peers with disabilities tends is positive; (2) fifth grade female students have more positive attitude than 6th grade male students in contacting with disabled peers; (3) the promotion of students' acceptance toward their peers with disabilities in the experiment group is significantly greater than that in the control group, and (4) feedback from students of the experiment group shows positive effects of the reading group on increasing acceptance toward students with disabilities. Finally, suggestions for educational administrators, teachers, and future research are provided.