寵物治療的文獻回顧

Literature Review of Pet Therapy

本篇寵物治療文獻回顧包括寵物治療的基本介紹，寵物治療於照護上之應用，目前寵物治療應用於兒童及青少年、老年人、和精神患者，分別治療認知、情緒、和創傷等問題，藉由寵物的陪伴與對話，與患者重新建立信任關係，再透過觸摸與活動，來緩解其症狀和情緒，及促進其身體功能，達到身、心、靈、社會等層面安適之狀態。筆者建議臨床護理照護較適用動物輔助治療模式，需要護理專業人員完整地評估、規劃、及管理患者寵物治療過程，注意寵物和環境的清潔及預防傳染性疾病，並於寵物治療後，需持續監測患者身、心、靈、社會等層面的成效。

This literature review includes basic introduction and application of pet therapy. Currently pet therapy has been applied into the child and adolescent, elderly, and psychiatric patients to treat cognition, emotion, and trauma problems. Patients could rebuild trust relationship through companionship and dialogue with the pets, alleviate symptoms and emotion, and promote body function by touching and doing activities with pets to approach the physical, psychological, spiritual, and social well-being. The author suggested pet therapy as the appropriate model of clinical nursing care because nursing professionals should assess, plan, and manage the process of pet therapy comprehensively, pay attention on the cleaning of pets and environment, prevent the infection diseases, and monitor the effectiveness of pet therapy on the physical, psychological, spiritual, and social well-being of patients consistently after the pet therapy.