臺灣老年人肥胖及其健康影響

了解台灣老年人肥胖的盛行率及肥胖造成的健康影響。搜尋資料庫PubMed中的英文文獻，華藝線上圖書館及國家圖書館台灣期刊論文索引系統的中文文獻（包含碩博士論文），僅收入針對台灣老年肥胖的資料，再依肥胖指標、盛行率、死亡率及其他健康結果分類以完成綜論。65歲以上老人肥胖盛行率平均為20%，死亡率和身體質量指數（body mass index, BMI）的曲線呈現U型或L型，老人相對高的BMI（25-30kg/m2的範圍內）反而和較低的死亡率有關，肥胖矛盾（obesity paradox）亦存在。另外，老年肥胖與許多疾病或症候群相關，包括心血管疾病危險因子及代謝症候群、慢性腎臟病、失智、頻尿及失禁、攝護腺肥大、功能限制等。本文為第一篇整合台灣老人肥胖盛行率及健康影響的綜論，其盛行率自1993年至2008年穩定增加且造成健康的不良影響。

To summarize the prevalence of obesity and its impacts on health among older adults in Taiwan, we searched PubMed (for English literatures), Airiti online library and Taiwan periodical literature system from national central library (for Chinese literatures including master and doctoral theses) with focused review. Only literatures with significant portions of older adults in Taiwan were included. Data were synthesized based on the indicators of obesity and the results on prevalence, mortality, and other health impacts were reported. The prevalence of obesity was about 20% in adults older than 65 years old. There was an U or L shape curve between mortality and body mass index (BMI). Higher BMI (25-30 kg/m2) in older adults may be associated with lower mortality. The phenomenon of "obesity paradox" still existed. Besides, obesity in the elderly was also associated with development of multiple diseases and syndromes, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, dementia, urinary frequency/ incontinence, benign prostate hyperplasia and function limitation. This is the first review of obesity in older adults and its impacts in Taiwan. The prevalence of obesity was still increasing from 1993 to 2008 and caused adverse impacts on health.